312 COMPOSIT A. 
also called Ambubaia (endive seed), on account of their attrac. - 
tive allurements, just as sucli persons are often addressed in ~ 
India as Elachi-dina (cardamom seeds) for the same reason. 
Ambubaia is a Syrian term, but the component parts of it- 
Ambui (¢¢9!) odour, and Baia ('4:) full, occur in old Persian. 
It signifies full of odours, é.e., alluarements. The wild endive is 
the Tarkashkun of the Persians and of Ibn Sina. Aitchison 
found it common every where in Khorasan, and also cultivated in 
gardens as a pot-herb under the name of Kasni. We have sown 
the seed sold in the Indian bazars, and have obtained a semi- 
cultivated form of the plant with upright leaves. The same 
form is cultivated by Mahometans at Hyderabad in the Deccan. 
The Germans call the wild Hndive Wegewarte, “road guar- ~ 
dian ;’ Wegeleuchte “road light ;’ Sonnenwende or Sonnen- 
wirbel, “‘ solstice 7’ Sonnenkraut, ‘sun herb ;’’ and Verfluchte 
jungfer, “unhappy young girl.” hepoeding to the legend 
( Klytia, Berlin, 1875,) the plant is supposed to have been once 
beautiful princess who, having been deserted by (or lost) her 
husband (or lover), was at her own request changed into this 
plant. A full account of the forms which this myth’takes in 
Austrian Silicia, Bavaria and the Tyrol, quoted from Mannhardt, 
will be found in De Gubernatis (Myth. des Plant., ii, 87), 
where he compares these legends with those concerning the 
Basil and Indian Tulasi. Se is much valued by the Indian 
_ hakims as a resolvent and cooling medicine, and is prescribed 
in bilious complaints much as Taraxacum is in Europe. The 
‘seeds are one of the four lesser cold seeds, and, as such, are 
still much used in the East. 3 
- Chicory root dried, roasted and raduéed to powder, is very 
extensively used in Europe as a substitute for coffee and for 
a that article. » -Stillé and Maisch state that from 
),000 to 4,000,000 Ibs. are annually imported into the 
United States from Europe. The acoawaee vee asa is 
probably ~~ a than 20, Ses ieee a ; 
Nn Seis WR ee 
are about Eis ino eeialt — 
‘those of the lettuce, — a Pale, mottled. - colour. - 
