SOLANACEZ. 553 
C*°H7' NO! ; according. to Kletzinsky it-is C?*H55NO’, =A. 
Hilger from recent analyses assigns to it the formula 
_ CH*'NO?, and to Solanidine, obtained from it by boiling with 
_ dilute, acids, the formula O?6H*'NO*, while Zwenger and 
Kind assign to solanidine the formula C?° H** NO and repre- 
sent its formation as being due to the assimilation of 301° by 
_ Solanine, and its resolution into solanidine and 3 molecules 
of glucose. Solanine forms delicate colourless, silky needles, 
appearing under the, microscope as four-sided rectangular 
_ prisms.  (Zwengerand Kind; Payenand Chevallier.) It turns 
__ yellow when heated, and melts at 235° C. (Zwenger and Kind.) 
_ Itis.inmodorous and tastes faintly bitter and somewhat. acrid. 
(Ginelin Handb. xviii. 90; Watt, Dict. of Chem. viii. 1807.) M. 
E. Wotezal (1890) has published an elaborate paper on the 
peretes bastion of Solanine, and its Microchemical Reactions in 
Kussian, from which we extract the followmg :— 
“Solanine was found in nine species of Svulanwm and three of 
! Scopolia. Inthe tubers it is found chiofly i in the neighbour- 
hood of the ¢ eyes.’ In the vegetatiye portions it oecurs in 
greatest abundance in the young tissues, and in the mature 
tissues it is usually entirely wanting except in the neighbour- 
hood of the buds, and of the origin of the roots. In the floral 
organs the reverse is the case, the quantity of solanine increasing 
for a time in both calyx and corolla as the flower opens, but 
ultimately disappearing from these organs, while it continues to 
increase in the green unripe fruit, diminishing again when the 
fruit is ripe, and being then localized chiefly in the peripheral 
; layers.. The seat of the solanine is the cell cavity, where it 
Occurs in the form of a soluble salt, and from which also it 
‘Peneirates the cell wall by diffusion. - 
The author regards solanine as a product neither of primary 
synthesis nor of disorganization, nor as a seeretion or exerction, 
r as a reserve substance, nor as a transporting form like 
