pancepsipnnisaAtyfmbiedonit = eatin 
SACCHARUM OFFICINARUM. ORD. LI. Gramina. 791 
' repeated in smaller and smaller vessels, during which it is often 
necessary to scum the impurities, and employ additional alkali; 
when the juice acquires a due consistence, it is suffered to cool 
in a-proper vessel, and the saccharine matter concretes into a 
crystalized mass. This, after being separated from the melasses, 
is sold under the name of brown or moist Sugar; the saccharum 
non purificatum, of the London Pharmacopeeia. 
The Sugar may be purified in conical moulds, by spreading on 
the upper broad surface some moist clay, which gradually trans- 
fuses its watery moisture through the mass of Sugar, and carries 
with it a considerable part of the remains of the treacly matter; 
it is then called clayed Sugar. The saccharum purificatum, or loaf 
Sugar, is prepared in this country from the other Sugar boiled in 
water, to which is added lime water, also bullocks blood, or eggs, 
or commonly both; these are found to clarify the Sugar, by incor- 
_porating with its oily and mucilaginous parts, and forming a scum, 
which is carefully taken off. After sufficient clarification it is 
strained through a woollen cloth, and boiled again until it becomes 
of a proper consistence; it is then poured into a refrigeratory, 
and when duly cooled, into conical moulds made of clay, and per- 
forated at the apex, which is placed downwards: at first the 
aperture at the apex of the mould is stopped up, but as the Sugar 
concretes it is opened, in order that the syrup or melasses may 
drain off. By this draining of the fluid part, the cone of Sugar 
shrinks at the base below the edges of the mould, which, to render 
the loaf still whiter, is filled up with meist clay closely applied to 
the base of the Sugar cone: lastly, the cone is placed upon its 
base, taken out of the mould, wrapped in paper, and dried or 
baked in a close oven. 
Solutions of brown or white Sugars, boiled down until they 
begin to grow thick, and then removed into a very hot room, 
shoot upon sticks placed across the vessels for that purpose into 
brown or white crystals of candy, (saccharum crystalinum. ) 
Sugar, as an article of diet, is so well known as not to require 
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