XXIV 



the rest I have tried as much as was possible to find out the names in different 

 botanical works on the flora of Java. The native names of the plants I have 

 noted down as they were given to me by the natives. Not always, however, 

 can we trust these names ; rather than acknowledge that he does not know the 

 name of a plant when we ask him, the native of Java often mentions a name 

 of his own fancy. Well acquainted with the character of the natives and 

 knowing many names of plants in the Malay and the Sundanese languages, 

 I generally noticed when this was the case, but the reverse may also have 

 occurred. 



And lastly, wherever I speak of Java in my work, the Isle of Madoura is 

 included, which being of the same formation and only separated from it by a 

 narrow strait which has been formed later, is really only a part of Java. Not 

 so, however, the more remote Isle of Bawean, though this one belongs to the 

 ressort of the Javanese province of Sourabaya. Neither the Kangean islands, 

 which are situated at a small distance east of Madura, and which lepidopte- 

 rologically differ distinctly from Java. 



With w. J. I have indicated West Java, Central Java as c. j. and East Java 

 as E. J. As this island has a very oblong shape from East to West, the but- 

 terfly-fauna has not everywhere the same character; the dry season f. i. lasts 

 also much longer in the western part than in the eastern one. Therefore it is 

 necessary to mention it with every butterfly. 



I not only write the generical names in capital letters, but also those of 

 the species and of all forms, even when these, like in words as flavus, alba 

 and such like are not real proper names. For where they are used as names 

 they obtain, in my opinion, just as well the character of proper names, cis in 

 the case of human family names as, for instance : Taylor, Blacksmith, Green 

 and many more others. 



Besides the English works already mentioned above, I have also often cited : 



P. Cramer, Papillons exotiques des trois parties du monde. Avec supplement 

 par C. Stoll. Atnsterdam 1779 — 91. 



S. C. Snellen van Vollenhoven, Essai d'tme faime entomologiqtie de I'Ar- 

 chipel Indo-Neerlandais ; Famille des Pierides. La Haye 1865. 



Dr. O. Staudinger, Exotische Tagt'a/ter in systetnatisc/ier Rci/ieii/o/gc viit 



Beriicksic/itigting neuer Arten. Filrth 1888. 



M. C. Piepers. 



