XXIV 



granted that a butterfly is psychically able to make observations, to remember 

 them and to act accordingly, then there is indeed no reason why the recol- 

 lections of an imago should not extend to the earlier stages of existence. 

 Now the existence of the faculty of recollection has often been observed in 

 butterflies ; I myself published more than 30 years ago my observation, 

 how for four evenings, I saw resting in the same place against the ceiling 

 of the outer-gallery of the club at Macassar, evidently the same Precis 

 Intermedia Felder. By day it was not there; a real diurnal, it was evi- 

 dently out on business then ; each evening, however, it remembered very 

 well, and could find back its sleeping-place of the previous night ; i. e. it 

 could act according- to that remembrance. And the fact that butterflies 

 always lay their eggs on a plant of the same species as that on which they 

 themselves fed as larvae, probably happens through the smell, though this 

 faculty is indeed not to be regarded as entirely equal to that of man, as 

 appears from the above mentioned case of the Batavian Papilio Sarpedon L., 

 yet, perhaps, some recollection of its larval stage may also play a part in it. 

 The above mentioned actions of the larva of Adolias Adonia Cram, might 

 therefore be explained as founded on the knowledge obtained by this species 

 of butterflies during its life in the pupal state — perhaps already at the time 

 that the ancestors of the Lepidoptera were not yet subject to such a complete 

 metamorphosis as the present one — and which knowledge has afterwards been 

 passed on as hereditary knowledge to the offspring still in its larval state, at 

 the same time an impulse being developed, to provide herein, which is always 

 carried out then with an intellectual faculty, limited, indeed, but comparatively 

 well developed. This explanation seems to me at least not impossible; for 

 till now I have never heard of a better one, though I readily consent that the 

 one given can perhaps be substituted by a better one. But not by hollow words 

 as "Instinct" and such like, which in reality do not mean anything more than 

 the juggler's ''Passe" . 



An instance of intellectual reflection similar to the one just spoken of, is also 

 to be found in the larva of a species of Hesperidae, viz. with that of Parnara 

 CoNjuNCTA Herr-Sch. The pupa of this species has a very oblong form, 

 agreeing in this respect with that of Udaspes Folus Cram. (PI. X fig. 79i5). It is 

 attached at the anal extremity and besides by a girdle-thread to a leaf, perhaps 

 also by another thread stretched over the abdomen. Thus I found it on a 

 bamboo-leaf, one of the plants on which it lives, but I found, moreover, that 

 two strong, longer threads were stretched right across the pupa, which threads 

 were evidently intended to prevent the leaf from bending backwards, if it 

 should shrink, to which the leaf, naturally extremely dry, is very liable. If it 



