86 TERACOLUS. 



" With reference to the changes iu the colour of pupae, I believe a very wide field 

 of research is opeu, and with the improved modes of microscopical examination under 

 the spectroscope important revelations on the subject of variation will be discovered. 



" I here give the results of some very rude experiments on this subject. 



" Most of the specimens were reared in glass test tubes exposed on coloured cards, 

 iu which they were partially enveloped. They were constantly supplied witli as little 

 food as possible, iu order that their full exposure to the colour should not be interfered 

 with. 



" PuPiG OF C. keiskamina. 



" (1) On dead leaves away from light. Dark brown. 



" (2) On stem and on vermilion cards. Pale ochreous. 



" (3) On vermilion card. Pale bluish-green. 



" (4) Exposed on bush in nature and on yellow-gamboge cards. Bright green. 



" (5) On glass tumbler. Pale yellowish-green. 



" (()) On green (cobalt and gamboge). Ochreous. 



"(7) On cobalt-blue. Greenish-white." 



Mr. Guy Marshall (The Entomologists' Monthly Magazine, vol. viii. p. 52, 

 1897) gives his experience of the rearing of T. auxo from the eggs laid by T. topha : 

 " On October 27th I observed a female of typical T. topha flying round a straggling 

 shrub (one of the Cappandce\ on which I saw her deposit four eggs. These were at 

 first of a light yellow colour, but became pink afterwards ; they were of the usual 

 Pierid shape — elongate, subfusiform, and fluted longitudinally. On the 30th three 

 larvae hatched out, one of the eggs being infertile. The description of the full-grown 

 larva and pupa is as follows : — 



" Larva. — Uniform pea-green, with a narrow yellow lateral line, which does not 

 extend on to the thoracic segments. Upper surface smooth, with no trace of hairs or 

 tubercles. 



" Fiipa. — General shape not unlike that of T. plrio)ic, Kl. (1*. Z. S. 18t)6, pi. X. 

 fig. 18), but decidedly more slender and the wing-covers rather less prominent. Its 

 most distinct feature is the long cephalic horn, which is nearly as long as the thorax, 

 and curves slightly backwards. Colouring adaptive, varying from pale pinkish-sandy 

 with darker mottling through every shade to uniform pale green. The brown tints, 

 however, predominate, even when the pupae are attached to the leaves of the Ibod- 

 plant, being probably influenced by the brown stems of the shrub, as the only pure 

 green pupse I ever obtained were from larva? which pupated when the supply of food- 

 plant happened to consist only of young twigs which were entirely green. 



