50 



cinereous, like the'wings, with black spots on the base of fringe on the ends 

 of the veinlets ; a quite distinct geminate white dot on the inner angle of the 

 foie wings, being the last of a series of submarginal dots, not forming a 

 continuous wavy line as in E. miserulata. Hind wings with wavy, acute, 

 zigzag, pale and cinereous lines on tlie outer edge; discal dot distinct; 

 edge and fringe otherwise as in lore wings. Beneath, these markings are 

 repeated, with the addition of quite a distinct submarginal dusky line common 

 to botli wings. Abdomen with a Ijroad black band near the base. 



Length of body, 30-0.34 ; length of fore wing, $ , 0.38, 2 , 0.45-0.50 ; 

 expanse of wings, 0.70-1.00 inch. 



London, Canada (Saunders). Maine, July 8-24 (Packard) ; Boston, 

 Mass. (Harris Coll., Sanborn, Strattt)n, and Morrison). 



This common species is easily known Ijy the twin dots on the inner angle 

 and the large triangular costal dot; by the indistinctness of the usual lines; 

 by the large costal dark spots; and by the rounded wings. 



Li the female, the wings are more acute and larger, and the fringe 

 shorter, than in the male. Li a large female from Boston, the lines are unusu- 

 ally heavy; seven of them being traceable, exclusive of the submarginal white 

 line. The black costal spots are also conspicuous. 



Upon comparing two European examples with those from the Eastern 

 States, I am unable to find any differences that I can put into words, or that 

 would amount to varietal differences. The European ones are a little tinged 

 with russet, and the submarginal white line is more interrupted. The New 

 England examples vary more among themselves than some of them do from 

 the European examples received from the Vienna Lnperial Museum. Its 

 range in Europe is said by Staudinger {Catalog) to be Central and Northern 

 Europe, Middle Lapland, and Sicily. It is doubtfully regarded as an inhalv 

 itant of the polar regions of Europe. According to Newman (111. Nat. liist. 

 Brit. Moths), it is common in England, and occurs in Scotland aiul Ireland. 

 As species of Petrophora, Odiyim., and Hydria, &c., are common to the two 

 continents, it is natural that some species o^ Euplthecia should be found to be 

 circumboreal. It agrees well with Guenee's description. There is, how- 

 ever, no reddish tinge in any specimens I have yet observed. 



Larva. — Mr. Crewe has written thus of the caterpillar: " It would be 

 impossible to give an accurate description of the almost endless varieties of 

 this most variable caterpillar. They run so closely into each other that it 



