101) 



Two Iceland spcciiiicMS diUcr (Voiii ;my Aiiiciicaii, oiif in luivinij (lie 

 iiu'diaii l»and ol a |i(.<-uliar iinilonn daik-lnow ii, witli the ni.^^set-brow n liaiid 

 beyond; they arc li()\vov<>r, nuu'h like llie var. hia/i/icu/u {'rum Laiirador, 

 tliough larger. Anollier Iceland example (e.xjianso ot" wings 1.10 inches) is 

 almost exactly like the Labrador ones (expanse ol' wings 1.3U inches), liiongh 

 rather smaller. 



The s|)ecies is most common in the White ^Vlonntains, thoujh (|iii(e 

 common abont lirnnswick, ]\Ie., on IIk; sea-coast. The si)ecimen from 

 Missouri does not dillcr from tlu; eastern examples. 



A single specimen from Calil()rnia (Edwards) does not differ from New 

 England specimens, t'xcepl in some very slight characters, which 1 am dis- 

 ])ose(l to regard as simply individual. Three large examples, the largest 

 expanding 1.30 inches, were collected by Mr. Crotch in Victoria, Vancouver 

 Island; they do not differ materially Irom ihi; Calilbrnian individual. These 

 are much more nearly allied lo the Northeastern An)crican forms than to 

 some individuals t'rom Iceland. 



An interesting variety is represented on plate 8, fig. 40. It is paler 

 than usual, with the basal third ol" the wing cream-white, interrupted by the 

 basal dark band ; the mesial band is rather pale, bordered with pale-brown 

 beyond, much as usual. The hind wings are unusually pale. Staudinger 

 gives the following geographical distribution of this species in the Eastern 

 Hemisphere: Central and Northern Europe; Central and Northern Italy ; 

 Atlas Mountains ; and Eastern Siberia. 



Having received a s[)ecinien of/', hiimanafa fnnu Professor Zeller, lean 

 scarcely see on what grounds it "should l)e regarded as distinct specifically 

 from P. tiuncata, thouirh it may be a well-marked variety. It is possible 

 that it is a seasonal dimorph, as it {iiiinianafa) hybernatesin the egg state, and 

 the ordinary tiuncata in the larva stale, according to Newman. I have a speci- 

 men from Deering, N. H., which closely approaches it. Newnuiu remarks 

 that, ill England, '• C. rusmta appears in May, and again in August ; the May 

 moths being the parents of the August moths. C. immanata appears in July ; 

 thus the single brood of C. Immanala is intermediate between the two broods 

 of C. russatay 



This species is uniformly doulile-broodi'd in England. — (Newman.) 



Larva. — " The eggs which produce the spring brood are laid about the 

 middle of August ; those; which produce the autumnal brood are laid about 



