156 



S1M3LI A ZKVLANM'A. 



"The first four abdominal segments are very broad, and are 

 almost concealed by the thorax on the one .side and the wing- and 

 Leg-sheaths on the other. 



•• The much more slender segments 5 and 6 (in the male 7 also, 

 according to Chapman) are freely movable. The likewise very 

 slender segments 7, 8, 9. and 10 (in the male only 8, 9, and 10 — 

 Chapman) are again firmly ankylosed, and together form the blunt- 

 rounded end of the pupa, which in many species is provided at the 

 tip with a number of hooked unbent hairs. 



" In the emerged pupa the abdominal segments 7, 8, 9, and 10 are 

 somewhat pushed in under the free edge of the sixth abdominal 

 segment." (Hofmann, I.e., pp. 341-342.) 



Chapman notes (T. E. S., 1896, pp. 137-139) that " the dehiscence 

 is of very nearly the macro type, the antennas separating from the 

 head, the eye-covers remaining attached to the face-piece. It 

 retains one, and only one, very marked micro character, viz., the 



Figureji. 



-Dehiscence of OrneocUti ]™)ja. . 



.. (after Cliaf>man^ 

 1,2,3 rejei To segments •, e=e^; 

 a= antenna ;. 1 -l<i£ j n( - tTlu.M II «. ■ 



possession of a dorsal head-plate ; not only so, but this plate is 

 of immense size, whilst the prothorax is correspondingly reduced. 

 ( 'ontrarily the pupa of Pterophorus retains most of the characters of 

 a micro, the one that it has almost lost is this head-plate, which is 

 nearly evanescent, although it retains the function of carrying the 

 eye-eover on dehiscence. 



" Both have then been derived from the micro stirps, as we know, 

 indeed, that all pupa- have been; but the routes have obviously 

 been divided for so long a period that it is justifiable to describe 

 them as in nowise related, less probably than any two families of 

 macros 



" The dehiscence ((tithe Orneodid pupa) is quite macro in charac- 

 ter, the antenna* separating from the face head parts, which remain 

 attached to the eye-covers ; the lower parts of the appendage covers 

 remain in situ, and are only separated at the head. There is a femur 



