D. Agleoides Felder for instance, so that the 9 much more resembles the 

 species of Danais than the c?. I have already discussed these different directions 

 of the process in the Introduction. Supporters of the theory of mimicry, who 

 maintain that the d of this species emits such a repulsive odour, being conse- 

 quently unpalatable to birds and that on account of the protection resulting 

 therefrom other butterflies have mimicked them, ought to explain why the 9 of 

 the same species has not availed itself of this protection but has on the contrary 

 mimicked other butterflies, even though generally these also are stated to be 

 unpalatable. Moreover, the beautiful dark blue structural colour, occurring on 

 the upper side of the fore-wings in the d — and the shade of which in the 

 specimens from Java differs from that in the Bornean ones — recurs, although 

 in a much less pronounced fashion, in the 9 and rather points to a similarity 

 of the scales in both sexes, since it is not improbable that these structural colours 

 depend on the external character of the scales. These 9 vary, i". in respect 

 of the darkness of the ground colour; 2*^. as regards the greater or lesser 

 intensity of the blue sheen just referred to, which may even be entirely wanting ; 

 3°. in the greater or lesser distinctness of the white stripes of the hind-wings, 

 which frequently are interrupted here and there, sometimes narrower and at 

 other times again wider. All these differences, however, may occur indiffer- 

 ently in specimens of East or West Javanese origin, and by no means constitute 

 distinct races or forms, as Fruhstorfer assumes, being simply individual 

 variations governed by their special development in the process of colour 

 evolution in each case. The unpleasant smell attributed to this species has 

 also been already dealt with in the Introduction. 



The oviposition in this species has been observed by me and I succeeded 

 in rearing the caterpillars from the egg ; they eat voraciously and their develop- 

 ment is very rapid. During the rainy season at least, when their food may 

 be presumed to be the most nourishing, the time between leaving the egg and 

 the appearance of the imago would probably, in free nature, not exeed a 

 month. The larvae are found especially on the Waringin (Urostigma Benja- 

 MiNEA Miq.) and other species of Urostigma but also on other plants. As 

 has been recorded from Ceylon by Moore in the case of the indigenous E. Asela, 

 the present species is also frequently found in Java on the Nerium Oleander L, 

 an ornamental plant much grown in that island. The coloration' of the young 

 larvae does not differ, as such, considerably from the full-grown ones but while 

 being practically of the same type in all a fairly large amount of individual variation 

 exists, especially as regards the markings which at one time may be white and 

 at others again yellow or orange, while the black pigment also appears to be 

 much more prominent in some specimens than in others; alle these differences 



