35 



without ever noticing anything of the sort, and I suspect that this observation 

 is based on an individual which at the time of capture had just been feedino- 

 on carrion. 1 once caught a specimen of Euploea IMidamus L. which, 

 evidently for the same reason, smelt strongly of human faeces ; but I have never 

 noticed this in other specimens of this species. 



The butterfly deposits the minute, round, milky-white eggs each separately 

 on the under side of a leaf, as has been observed in a few other Danaidae ; 

 I have, however, found as many as four on the same leaf. The larvae feed on 

 the leaves of ousous ajam (Tylophora Cissoides B1.) ; wc/i?/'/ /owo/fv;/;' (Pergularia 

 Odoratissima Sm.) ; kelmnbemian (Gymnema .f/.) and also on an ornamental 

 plant (Ravisteinia Pulchella) frequently met with at Batavia. Many larvae 

 are found on the same plant ; a shrub in my garden at Batavia was constantly 

 covered with them and mostly stripped bare, in spite of my frequently killing 

 great numbers ; I constantly observed butterflies settle on it in order to deposit 

 their eggs; they manifestly appear to perceive the presence of this plant 

 from a distance, although the scent emitted by this flowerless and almost leafless 

 shrub can only be a faint one. 



The larvae are mostly light in colour; the ground colour of the back and 

 sides is black on which occur numerous pearly-grey spots and transverse lines, 

 and in addition on each segment, except the first thoracic, two golden-yellow 

 spots, those on the median segments being largest, while the others decrease 

 in size towards the head and the tail. A yellow band, interrupted by black 

 lines, forms the boundary between the sides and the black under surface. The 

 head is black with a light grey dot enclosed within rings of the same colour 

 which are open at the base. There are two pairs of processes, the anterior 

 pair on the second thoracic segment being longer and more filiform than the 

 posterior pair, which issues from the penultimate segment; alle the processes 

 are light red near the base the remainder being dark red, almost black. I 

 have noticed the caterpillar voluntarily moving the posterior but not the 

 anterior pair. 



A dark form, which, however, is not so common, has the back dark purple 

 or brown with faint black transverse lines and a golden yellow subdorsal dot 

 on each segment. At the boundary between the .sides and the faint green 

 under surface is a broad white and yellow band in which the black stigmata 

 are situate. The processes are black but the anterior pair at the base is of 

 the same colour as the back. An immature larva, which completely agreed 

 with the immature larva of D. CiiRvsrppus L., changed into this dark form. 



The pupae, which completely agree with those of the species just mentioned, 

 are light green at first with a double band, half white and half black, at the 



