82 CATALOGUE OF UNGULATES 



Garrard, Cat. Bones Mamm. Brit. Miis. p. 274, 1862; Bhjth, 

 Cat. Mamm. Mits. Asiat. Soc. Bengal, p. 134, 1863 ; Falconer, 

 Nat. Hist. Bev. vol. iii, p. 81, 1863; Jerdon, Mamm. India, 

 p. 229, 1867; Johnstoti, Proc. Asiat. Soc. Bengal, 1868, p. 127; 

 Sterndale, Mamm. India, p. 389, 1884 ; Flomer and Garson, Cat. 

 Osfeol. Mas. F. Coll. Surg. pt. ii, p. 442, 1884 ; Lydellcer, Cat. 

 Foss. Mamm. Brit. Mas. pt. iv. p. 98, 1886; W. L. Sclater, 

 Cat. Mamm. Ind. Miis.-pi. ii, p. 206, 1891 ; Flower and Lijdekker. 

 Study of Mammals, p. 424, 1891 ; Hose, Mamm. Borneo, p. 62, 

 1893; Beddard. Cambridge Nat. Hist., Mamm. p. 221, 1902; 

 Lull, Smithson. Rejy. 1908, pp. 664 and 673, 1909. 

 Elephas asiaticus. Blumenbach, Handbuch Naiurqeschichte, vol. ii, 

 p. 403, 1803. 



Indian Elkphant : Hathi. 



The name Elephas maximum is typified by a Ceylon 

 elephant, and at first sight it would seem that Ceylon shonld 

 be taken as the typical locality of the species. But there 

 are two races of elephants in that island ; one — probably 

 indigenous — in wliich the tusks of the males are insignificant, 

 and the other — almost certainly introduced — in which they 

 are larsre. Now it seems almost certain that the liitr-tusked 

 race formed the type of Linnc's species ; and if so, Ceylon 

 will not be the ty[)ical locality. Unfortunately, it is uncertain 

 whether the tusker-race was imported from the Indian main- 

 land * or from Lower Burma.f Under these circumstances 

 the writer has considered it advisable to take southern India 

 (say ]\lysore) as tlie type locality, and to regard the small 

 tusked Ceylon form as a second race. 



The range includes India (to a considerable elevation in 

 the Himalaya), Assam, Cachar, Ceylon, Burma, Siam, Cochin 

 China, the Malay Peninsula, northern Borneo (where the 

 species may have been introduced), and Sumatra. 



A.— Elephas maximus maximus. 



Elephas indicus bengalensis, Blaineille, Osteographie. Genus Elephas, 

 pi. vii. 



Typical locality arbitraiily taken as Mysore {svinci). 



* See Lydehlicr, Game Animals of India, p. 15. 

 t See Still, Spolia Zeylanica, vol. iv. p. 178, 1907. 



