60 CASE OF GREAT BRITAIN. 



nafionki Law^' ^^^- ^- ^' -^^^^' " Principles of IiiteriiatioDal Law," 

 3wi'""edition'^^p. Clarendon Press, Oxford, 3rd edition, 1890, p. 147: 



147. 



Note. — A new claini subsequently sprung iip in the Pacific, hut it 

 was abandoned in a very short time. Tlie Russian Government i^re- 

 tended to be Sovereign over the Pacific nortli of the .51st degree of 

 latitude, and published an Ukase in 1821 prohibiting foreign vessels 

 froui approaching within 100 Italian miles of the coasts and islands 

 bordering upon or included in that portion of the ocean. This pre- 

 tension was resisted by the United States and Great Britain, and was 

 wholly given up by Conventions between the former Powers and Rus- 

 sia in 'l824 and 1825. 



The arguments contained in tbe foregoing chapter 

 establish — 



That the Treaty of 1825 between Great Britain and Rus- 

 sia applied, and was intended to apply, to all the non- 

 territorial Avaters of the North Pacific, extending from 

 Behriug Strait upon the north to latitude 51° upon the 

 coast of America, and to latitude 45° 50' upon the coast of 

 Asia (being the whole extent of sea covered by the Ukase). 

 That at no stage of the controversy was any distinction 

 drawn, or intended to be drawn, between the seas to the 

 north and the seas to the south of the Aleutian Ishmds. 



That Behring Sea was included in the ])hrase " Pacific 

 Ocean " as used in the Treaty of 1825. 



That the expression "north-west coj.ist of America'' or, 

 in its abbreviated form, '' north-west coast" included the 

 coast up to Behring Strait. 



77 CHAPTER IV. 



Head (D). — The User of the Vt^aters in question from 1821 to 



1867. 



As regards the user of the waters in question, it has 

 been shown that down to the year 1821 Russia made no 

 attempt in practice to assert or exercise jurisdiction over 

 foreign vessels when beyond the ordinary territorial Juris- 

 diction. With the exce])tion of the incidents connected 

 with the Ukase of 1821, already referred to in Chapter II, 

 the same is true of the period between 1821 and 1807. 



HISTORICAL OUTLINE. 



To resume the historical statement in chronological 

 order — 

 Alaska pp 5^4 -^" ^^^^ year 1821 Mouravief was sent out to take control 

 535. ' ' at Sitka under the new Charter. He assumed the name of 



"Governor" in place of that of "Chief Manager," which 

 had i)reviously been emi)loyed. 

 ,, ,, . The names of seven trading vessels on the north west 



Coast, vol. 1, pp. coast are known lor this year.* 



340,341. j,^ 2822, the Russian vessel "Rurik" arrived at Sitka 



53^539^'*' ''^'■fi'oui Kronstadt with supplies. About the close of the 



* See note on p. 19 referring to trading:; vessel- (m the north-west 

 coast. None of these trading vessels Avere Russian. 



