dOO APPENDIX TO CASE OF GREAT BRIl^AIN. 



Analyzing tliis table we sliall arrive at a clearer insiglit into tlie 

 affairs of the Conipanj'. If its receipts liave been considerable tliey 

 have been snbject to serious deductions. From tlie expenditures we 

 may also learn something of the obligations which we are about to 

 assume. 



From another table I learn that during this same period 122,0()() 

 roubles were received for ice, mostly sent to California, '2V>,IVM) roubles 

 for timl)er,andC,2;'J() roubles for coal. I think it not im})r()bablethat these 

 items are included in the list of "receipts" under the term "other 

 traflics." 



In Kussia the churches belong to the (lovernment, and this rule ])re- 

 vails in these districts, where there are ibur Greek churches aiul five 

 Greek chapels. There is also a rrotestant cliurch at Sitka. I am 

 giad to add that at the latter i)lace there is a public library, whicli 

 some yearn ago coiitained 1,700 volumes, togethei- with jcmrnals, maps, 

 Jitlases, and mathematical instruments. Fn Atcha, Ounalaska, Kodiak, 

 and Sitka schools are said to have been maintained at the expense (»f 

 the Company, though not on a very comprehensive scale, for Admiral 

 AVrangel mentions only ninety boys as enjoying these advantages in 

 183!). In Ounalaska and Kodiak there were at the same time ori>han 

 asylums for girls, wliere there were in all about thirty. l>ut tlie 

 Admiral adds that "these useful institutions will, without doubt, be 

 improved to tlie utmost." Besides these, which are confined to par- 

 ticular localities, there is said to be a hospital near every factory in all 

 the districts. 



I liave no means of knowing if these territorial subdivisions have 

 undergone any recent moditications. They will be I'ound in the "IJiis- 

 siclien I]esitzungen"of Wrangel, ])ub]ished in l<S;j*), in the"Geogia]>hie" 

 of V\'ai»p;ius in JS^G, and in the " Archiv von Ilussland" of ISiiS, con- 

 taining the article on tlie Report of Golowin. I am thus particular 

 with regard to them from a double motive. Besides helping to an 

 understanding of the existing government, they may afford suggestions 

 of ])ractical importance in any future organization. 



The Company has not been without criticism. Some of the pictures 

 of it are by no means rose colour. These, too, may furnish instruction 

 for the future. Early in the century its administration was the occa- 

 sion of oi)en and repeated complaint. It was pronounced harsh and 

 despotic. Langsdorf is indignant that "a free-trading Company should 

 exist iiide]KMident; of the Government, not confined within any definite 

 regulations, but who can exercise their authority free and uncontrolled, 

 nay, even unpunished, over so vast an extent of country." In stating 

 the case he adds that " the Russian subject here enjoys no protection 

 of his pro])ei'ty, lives in no security, and if oppressed has no one to 

 whom he can apply for justice. The agents of the factories and their 

 subordinates, influenced by humour or interest, decide everything arbi- 

 traiily." (" Voyages," vol. ii, p. 70.) And this arbitrary power seemed 

 to prevail wherever a fa(;tory was estahlished; "the stewardship in 

 eacli single establishment is entirely despotic; though normally depend- 

 ing ui)on the i)rincii)al factory these stewards do just what they ])lease, 

 witliout the i)ossibility of being called to ac(;ount." {Ibid., vol. ii, p. 

 no.) If sn(di was the condition of Russians, what must have been that of 

 t\ni natives? Here the witness answers: " I have seen the Ilussian fur- 

 hunters dispose of the lives of the natives solely according to their own 

 arl)itrary will, and put these defenceless creatures to <leath in the most 

 honil)le manner." (Rage 70.) Krusenstern concurs in this testimony, 

 and, if possible, darkens the colours. According to him, "every one 



