CERVIDvE 11 



nostrils, where its upper border is slightly convex ; ears 

 rather small ; tail, long, thin, and pointed ; lateral hoofs 

 small, rudimentary, or wanting, and no bones of the lateral 

 digits retained ; coat uniformly coloured in adult, spotted 

 with white in young, at least in the more typical forms. In 

 the skull the lachrymal pits very large and deep, and the 

 unossified vacuities of moderate extent ; naviculo-culwid of 

 tarsus fused with cuneiform. 



The group is distributed all over the Indo-Malay 

 countries, as far east as Sumatra and Borneo, and the greater 

 part of China proper ; occurring also in Formosa, Ijut not 

 in Japan. 



The species are distinguishable as follows : — 



A. Upper surface of tail chestnut or fulvous ; frontal 



glands present. 

 a. Generally no nuchal stripe ; frontal glands larger ; 

 lachrymal pits smaller; backs of ears dusky or 

 yellow. 

 a'. Size larger ; colour redder, backs of ears dusky M. muntjal:. 

 h' . Size smaller; colour more fulvous; backs of 



ears yellow, like forehead M. lacrymans. 



h. Generally' a nuchal stripe ; frontal glands smaller ; 

 lachrymal pits larger ; backs of ears blackish. 

 a". Size smaller ; colour redder ; lachrymal pits 



slightlj' smaller than orbits M. rcevcsi. 



b". Size larger; colour browner and darker; 

 lachrymal pits as large as or ratlier larger 

 than orbits M. sinensis. 



B. Upper surface of tail black or blackish ; no frontal 



glands. 



a. Head not tufted ; tail shorter; size smaller M. fex. 



h. Head tufted ; tail longer ; size larger M. crinifrons. 



I. MUNTIACUS MUNTJAK. 



Cervus muntjak, Zimmermann, Geogr. Qescliichte, vol. ii, p. 131, 

 1780 ; Boddaert, Elenclms Anim. vol. i, p. 136, 1785; H. Smith, 

 Griffith's Animal Kingdom, vol. iv, p. 144, 1827 ; F. Cuvier, 

 Hist. Nat. Mamm. vol. iv, pis. 418, 419, 1839. 



Cervus muntjac, Gmelin, Linn.'s Syst. Nat. vol. i, p. 180, 1788; Kerr, 

 Linn.'s Anim. Kingdom, p. 307, 1793 ; Horsfield, Zool. Besearch. 

 Java, pt. vi, pi. xxxiii, 1823; -/. B. Fischer, Synojj. Mamm. 

 p. 454, 1829; Syhes, Proc. Zool. Sac. 18Sl,:p.l04:; Ogilby, Boyle's 

 Illustr. Bot. Himalaya, p. 72, 1839 ; Elliot, Madras Joiirn. vol. x, 

 p. 221, 1839 ; Miiller and Schlegel, Verh. Nederland. Ges. vol. i, 

 p. 225, 1840 ; Wagner, Schreber's Sdugthiere, Stipj^l. vol. v, 

 p. 388, 1855. 



