HIPPOPOTAMID.^. 387 



Tetrapi'otodou, Falconer and Caittley, Asiatic Besearches, vol. xix, 

 p. 51, 1836; Oiven, Odontography, p. 566, 1840-45. 



Tetraproctodon, Gray, Cat. Carnivora, etc. Brit. Mas. p. 356, 1869, 

 errorim. 



Dentition : i. f^f, c \, p. |, m. f = 42 or 44 ; size, at least 

 in the existing species, very large, and the head dispro- 

 portionately big, with an extremely broad muzzle, very 

 prominent eyes, and small rounded ears ; body elongated ; 

 tail and limbs short, the latter with the digits closely 

 approximated, connected up to the hoofs by membrane, and 

 thus almost incapable of lateral expansion. 



Distribution co-extensive with that of the family. The 

 Pliocene subgenus Hexap^otodon, as typified by H. sivalensis, 

 has three pairs of subequal incisors in each jaw. 



HIPPOPOTAMUS AMPHIBIUS. 



Hippopotamus amphibius, Linn. Syst. Nat. «d. 10, vol. i, p. 75, 1758, 

 ed. 12, vol. i, p. 101, 1769; Schreber, Sdugthiere, pi. cccviii, 

 1791; A. Smith, Illustr. Zool. S. Africa, vol. i, pi. vi, 1838: 

 Gray, List Mamm. Brit. AIus. p. 188, 1843, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1868, 

 p. 491, Cat. Carnivora, etc. Brit. Mus. p. 356, 1869, Hand-List 

 Thich-skinned. Mamm. p. 71, 1873; Peters, Sdugeth. Mossamhigue, 

 p. 180, 1852, Monatsher. Ah. Berlin, 1854, p. 367 ; Wolf, Zool. 

 Sketches, vol. i, pi. xxvii, 1861 ; Gerrard, Cat. Bones Mamm. 

 p. 284, 1862; Garrod, Trans. Zool. Soc. vol. xi, p. 11, 1880; 

 Lydekher, Pal. Indica {Mem. Geol. Surv. India), ser. 10, vol. iii, 

 p. 47, 1884, Cat. Foss. Mamm. Brit. Mus. pt. ii, p. 277, 1885, 

 Great and Small Game of Africa, p. 532, 1899, Game Animals 

 of Africa, p. 403, 1908; Floiucr and Garson, Cat. Osteol. Mus. 

 B. Coll. Surg. pt. ii, p. 365, 1884 ; Flower, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1887, 

 " p. 619 ; W. L. Sclater, Cat. Mamm. Lid. Mus. pt. ii, p. 197, 

 1891, Fauna S. Africa, Mamm. vol. i, p. 269, 1900; Nicolls and 

 Eglington, Sportsman in S. Africa, p. 65, 1892; Matschie, 

 Sdugeth. Deutsch-Ost-Africa, p. 98, 1895 ; Selous, Great and 

 Small Game of Africa, p. 533, 1899; Bothschild, Powell-Cotton's 

 Abyssinia, p. 480, 1902 ; Anderson and de Winton, Mamm, 

 Egypt, p. 356, 1902 ; Boussac, Rev. Scient. ser. 5, vol. i, p. 425, 

 1904 ; Wolf, Ber. Senckenb. Ges. vol. xli, p. 7, 1910 ; Beddard, 

 Proc. Zool. Soc. 1910, p. 270, Cambridge Nat. Hist., Mamm. 

 p. 273, 1902; Miller, Smithson. Misc. Collect, vol. Ixiv, no. 7, 

 p. 3, 1910 ; Maurer, Anat. Anz. vol. xxxviii, p. 145, 1911 ; 

 Lonjiberg, K. Svenska Vet.-Ak. Handl. vol. xlviii, no. 5, p. 136, 

 1912 ; Allen, Bull. Mus. Harvard Coll. vol. Iviii, p. 323, 1914. 



Hippopotamus abyssinicus, Lesson, Nouv. Tabl. Begne Anim., Mamm. 

 p. 158, 1842 ; nomen nudum. 



Hippopotamus typus, Diivcrnoy, C. B. Ac. Sci. Paris, vol. xiv, p. 33, 

 1846. 



2 c 2 



