198 THE HORSE 



leap to inject into the vagina a solution of 1 oz. of the same, 

 in a quart of tepid water. 



The famous summing up of the standard points of a stallion 

 by Dame Juliana Berners, so skilled and observant in all 

 country matters, may here be quoted. They are fifteen 

 in number, and were laid down in 1481. 



Standard Points Desirable in a Stallion. 



Of a man, bolde prowde and hardy ; 



Of a woman, fayr-brested, fair of heere, and easy to leap upon ; 



Of a fox, a fayr taylle, short eeres, with a good trotte ; 



Of a haare, a grete eye, a dry hede, and well runnynge ; 



Of an asse, a bygge chyn, a flatte legge, and a good hoof. 



"With regard to inbreeding, it has been noted that while a 

 very inbred mare frequently gives birth to excellent stock, 

 when mated with a stallion which bring in a further strain 

 of the same family, though not inbred himself, the converse 

 does not hold good. 



An inbred sire should not consort with a mare which 

 inherits the same strains as himself. 



Aboetion, and Joint Evil. 



From whatever cause abortion may occur it is as 

 necessary to prevent the mare from catching cold, as 

 it is after foaling, and especial care must be taken 

 that the stable is free from draught, as well as being warm. 

 Plenty of clothing, according to the state of the temperature 

 at the time, is also requisite. A weak solution of Chinosol, 

 1 to 1,000, should also be injected twice daily into the vagina 

 for a week to wash the uterus thoroughly before it is again 

 closed, and thus destroy any harmful microbes which may be 

 lurking therein. The mare should not be covered again, if 

 the abortion takes place in the autumn or winter, until the 

 ordinary time for foaling has passed in the following spring. 

 If, however, the mare aborts soon after pregnancy, and 

 having been covered early there is yet sufficient time, she 

 may be treated the same as after foaling, and after being 

 duly disinfected with the antiseptic solution, be covered the 

 next time she comes into use, probably about the ninth day. 



