4 nnoVALOCERA MALAY AN A. 



This group, as here imclerstood, contains, in addition to all the Old World Dana'mrv, two 

 Tropical American genera. Five genera are here included, which with Amauris, peculiar to 

 the Ethiopian region, and Hamadrijas, not found west of Wallace's line, constitute the Danaime 

 of the extra-American regions as understood (with the exception of one additional genus, 

 Radena) by all writers at the time of publication of Mr. Kirby's Catalogue in 1871, and as used 

 by Mr. Wallace in his work on the 'Geographical Distribution of Animals.' Since that time 

 many other genera have been proposed, some founded on Hiibuerian names and others quite 

 novel. These, although not all followed in this work, will be alluded to when placed under 

 older generic names, and applying to Malayan butterflies. 



Fig. (J. — a. Antenna of Ilrstia lijn- 

 cells, b. Antenna (if Idcopsls 

 daos. 



Fig. 7. — «. IntermeJiiitfi tarsus of 

 Hentiii li/uceiix. b. Posterior 

 tarsus of Ideopsis daos. 



SYNOPSIS OF GENEEA. 



I. Anteniiit?* slender, almost filiform, scarcely thickened at the tip. 



A. Wings semidiaphanous. 



((. Tarsal claws of middle and posterior legs, short and 



cm'ved. 

 h. Claws accompanied with pnlvilH. 



c. First subcostal nervnle of anterior wings anastomosing 

 with costal nervure. 

 d. Costal margin of hind wings strongly curved, subcostal 



nervules widely separated, the first short. Hestia. 



II. Antenna gradually but distinctly clavate. 



aa. Tarsal claws of middle and posterior legs long and 



curved. 

 hh. Claws with pulvilli obsolete or absent. 



dil. Costal margin of bind wings very slightly curved, sub- 

 costal nervules not widely separated and subecptal 

 in length. 

 e. Hind wings more or less obovate. . . . Ideopsis. 

 /. Male with no specialised scent-gland. 



B. Wings more or less opaque. 



ddd. Costal margin of bind wings nearly straight. 



ec Hind wings broad, subtriangular. . . . R.\dena. 

 (■('. First subcostal nervule of anterior wings not anasto- 

 mosing with costal nervure. 

 dddil. Costal margin of hind wings nearly straight or slightly 

 curved. 

 //'. Males with one or more distinctly specialised scent- 

 glands situated on posterior wings. . . Danais. 

 hhh. Claws accompanied with pulvilli. 



ft)'. Males with no scent-glands to posterior wings, but 

 sometimes with one or more pseudo-scent glands 

 or brands on anterior wings. . . . Euplcea. 



* Dr. Murray's contributors have carried back " autenuLE '" to KiOS, when it is used apparently as a well-known term, in 

 the 'Philosophical Transactions,' p. 377. Yet it is not given by Bailey in his vol. ii. (technical), 1731. It is a striking 

 histance of how little is known of the history of words that no clue has yet been discovered to the author, date, or explanation 

 of this curious application of a word meaning the "top-sail yard" of a vessel to the horn of an insect or loltster. It is not 

 even known in what language the entomological use first appeared, and whether it was a popular figure or a scientific fancy. 

 M. Littrc did not raise the question which the editor of the Philological Society's Dictionary wants to solve. — ' Athen.eum.' 

 No. 2830, p. 95 (1882). 



