RHOPALOCEllA MALAYAXA. 147 



outer margins broadly fuscous ; anterior wiut^s with tlie cell crosscnl by live fuscous lines, situate two near 

 base, two near centre (between which the colour is pale), and one convexly waved at apex, beyond which 

 is a straighter and more obscure line; beneath the cell and between the third median nervule and 

 submedian ncrvure are two circular fuscous lines in shape of the figure 8, and a short basal line of the 

 same colour ; beneath the apex of cell is an oblique fuscous fascia ; posterior wings with the cell crossed by 

 four fuscous lines which are partly united, the posterior one preceded by some lunuL-ite fuscous markings, 

 and beneath the median nervure are some very indistinct fuscous lines. Abdominal margin obscure 

 violaceous. Wings beneath paler than above ; posterior wings with the abdominal area greenish or 

 violaceous, and with a waved series of fuscous linear markings outwardly surrounding cell. Body and legs 

 more or less coucolorous with wings. 



Exp. wings, 50 to 54 millim. 



Hab. — Malay Peninsula ; Penang (Brit. Mus.) ; Province Wellesley (coll. Dist.) ; Malacca (Pinwill — 

 Brit. Mus.) ; Singapore (coll. Hewits.) — Banca.* — Java (Horsf.). 



Genus LIMENITIS. 



Limeidtis, Fabricius, 111. Mag. vi. p. 281 (1807); Westw. Gen. Dium. Lep. p. 271 (1850); Feld. Neues Lcp. 



p. 29 (1861). 

 Callianira, Hiibu. Verz. bek. Schniett. p. 38 (181G). 

 Xymphalis, Boisd. (uec Latr.), lud. Meth. p. 11 (_1829); Gen. lud. Metb. p. 10 (1810); Boisd. & Lee. Lep. 



Amer. Sept. p. 197 (1833). 

 Modu::(i, Moore, Lep. Ceyl. i. p. 47 (1881). 



Anterior wings subtriaugular ; costal margin strongly arched and convex ; apical angle generally 

 more or less produced and rounded ; outer margin generally more or less waved and concavelj' excavated ; 

 inner margin nearly straight or more or less concave near centre. Fii-st and second subcostal 

 nervules emitted before end of cell and from about its outer third ; third subcostal nervule emitted 

 between end of cell and apex of wing ; fourth and fifth bifurcating about midway between base of 

 third and the outer margin ; the second and third more or less suddenly ampliated and rounded, the fourth 

 slightly angulated and bent near base ; discoidal nervules emitted considerably beyond basal third of wing, 

 the lower nervule somewhat rudimentary or obsolete ; submedian nervules somewhat wide apart, the first 

 rounded at base. Posterior wings subovate, the costal margin strongly arched at base and then oblique 

 and very slightly convex to apex ; outer margin more or less waved and rounded ; abdominal margin as in 

 preceding genera ; subcostal nervules bifurcating much as in preceding genus ; the third median 

 and first subcostal nervules about subequal in length. Antennre moderately long, with an elongate and 

 gradually formed club. Palpi robust, porrect, hairy, not raised above the upper level of the eyes. 



This is a genus of considerable extent and wide distribution, being almost confined, 

 however, to the Northern Hemisphere, and common to Europe, Asia, and America. It is 

 perhaps in North-Eastern India that species of Limeniiis reach their maximum in size and 

 coloration, and the genus from thence extends throughout a considerable portion of the 

 Malayan Archipelago, being very well represented in the Celebes. 



We are acquainted with the transformations of several species of Limenitis, including 

 those of the only species found in this fauna, to which due reference is made. 



* Collectecl by M. Teysmauii (I'et. Xouv. Ent. vi. p. 404 (1874). 



