RHOPALOCERA MA LA VAX A. 1(55 



common origin at the end of cell ; the third median and first subcostal nervules almost subeiiual in 

 length. Body moderately robust; palpi porrect, not reaching the upper margin of the eyes, but extending 

 considerably beyond them, squamosa beneath, and with the apical joint pointed; antenna; with a 

 moderately strongly incrassated apex or club. 



This is au extensive genus, though it is somewhat difficult to assess the number of its 

 species, owing to tlie present uncertainty as to whether many of its members are either 

 so-called species or simply varieties of other species. It has au extensive distribution, being 

 found in all tlie great Zoological Regions, excepting the Palearctic, altliough it may possibly 

 yet be discovered in the extreme eastern portion of that region. It is, however, in the 

 Oriental Eegion that the genus reaches its maximum in number of species, whilst it is very 

 poorly represented in tlie Nearctic and Neotropical Kegions, and evidently there by an 

 introduced species. 



1. Hypolimnas bolina. (Tab. XII., ligs. lU and 12 J ; XV., tig. 12 s .) 



PajiiUi) lldliiKi, Linuffius, Syst. Nat. ed. x. p. 479, n. 124 (1758); Clcrck, Icoues Ins. ii. t. 21, f. 2 il7(i4); 



Houtt. Naturl. Hist. i. 11, p. 331, u. 124 {17G7); Mull. Naturs. V. i. p. G14, n. 188 (1774); Fabr. 



Syst. Eut. p. 607, u. 209(1775); Spec. Ins. ii. p. !)5, u. 414 (1781) (part); Mant. Ins. ii. p. 50, 



n. 499 (1787) (part); Gmel. Syst. Nat. i. 5, p. 2323, p. 188 (1790) (part); Tlunib. Miis. Nat. Ups. 



xxiii. p. 8 (1804). 

 T>l,„lnii„ IlnHna, WaU. Traus. Ent. Soc. 18G9, p. 278, n. 1 (part) ; Druce, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1874, p. lor,, n. 1 ; 



Suell. Tijd. Eut. xix. p. 148, n. 23 (1870); ibid. xx. p. 06 (1877). 

 Hi/iKiliiiiiiiis BiiUna, Kii'by, Cat. Diuru. Lep. p. 224, n. 1 (1871) (part); Bull. Traus. Linn. Soc. ser. 2, Zool. 



vol. i. p. 543, u. 1 (1877); Wood-Mas. & de Nic. Journ. Asiat. Soc. Bang. vol. xlix. pt. 11, p. 228, 



n. 24 (1880); ibid. vol. l. pt. 11, p. 233, u. 22 (1881); Aurivill. Kougl. sv. vet. Ak. Handl. Bd. 19, 



no. 5, p. 90 (1882). 

 Ap'itnnt Ll,>llii,i, Moore, Lep. Ceyl. i. p. 58, t. 30, f. 1 (1881). 



Male. Wings above very dark indigo-blue. Anterior wings with a large elongate and macular white 

 spot at end of cell, margined with bright bluish, commencing near the upper discoidal nervule and 

 terminating near the second median nervule ; two or three small subapical white spots divided by the 

 fourth and fifth subcostal nervules, and sometimes followed by a few minute submarginal whitish spots 

 placed between the nervules. Posterior wings with a large eentrnl white spot, broadly and irregularly 

 surrounded by pale bluish, which commences on lower half of cell, and is bounded by the upper subcostal 

 and the third median nervules ; a series of minute and frequently subobsolete submarginal white spots 

 placed between the nervules. Fringe of both wings alternately white. Wings beneath dark olivaceous- 

 brown. Anterior wings with the white markings as above, but with the large macular spot at end of cell 

 almost extending to costa, not prominently margined wdth bluish, and followed by a small pale spot 

 beneath the second median nervule ; submai'ginal spots distinct, one on each side of third median nervule 

 largest and bluish ; a pale lunulate submarginal fascia and a similar Init more linear marginal fascia, 

 which are almost obsolete above the lower discoidal nervule ; basal half of costal area minutely irrorated 

 with greyish ; cell with three upper small and irregular wdiite spots more or less surrounded with dark 

 fuscous. Posterior wings with a broad central whitish fascia, commencing near upper subcostal nervule, 

 where it is preceded by a subcostal spot, and terminating near anal angle (this fascia is variable both in 

 size and shape) ; a submarginal series of small bluish white spots placed between the nervules, followed by 

 a submarginal series of greyish subconical spots placed in pairs between the nervules; marginal linear 

 lunulate spots as on anterior wings ; fringe as above. Body above dark indigo-blue, the head marked with 

 a few pale spots ; body beneath and legs more or less concolorous with wings, the palpi beneath white, the 

 legs beneath more or less greyish, and the abdomen and thorax with a few whitish spots. 



June 30, 1883. '2 u 



