214 



RHOPALOCERA MALAYANA. 



Fig. 6'2. — Anterior wing of Cas- 

 talius elna, shsn-ing subcostul 

 nervulos. 



Castalius. 



E VERES. 



Nacaduba. 



Group CASTALARIA. 



CdsUitariti, Distant, anteii, p. 196. ^ 



Although I am now only able to include eight genera in this group, such an 

 ouuraeratiou gives but little idea of its generic strength, as it is widely and probably 

 universally distributed. 



SYNOPSIS OF GENEEA. 



1. Posterior wings with a single filamentous tail-like appendage. 

 A. First subcostal nervule of anterior wings anastomosed with 



costal nervure. 

 a. First subcostal nervule of anterior wings emitted near 

 middle of cell. 

 b. Costal nervure extending beyond basal half of costal 



margin. 



bh. Costal nervure not or barely reaching basal half of 

 costal margin. ...---- 



aa. First subcostal nervule of anterior wings emitted consider- 

 ably beyond middle of cell. ..... 



AA. First subcostal nervule of anterior wings impinging on, or 



connected with, the costal nervure. 



c. First subcostal nervule of anterior wings emitted at about 



middle of cell. 



d. Third and fourth subcostal nervules of anterior wings 



bifurcating about midway between end of cell and 



apex of wing. ....... 



d'L Third and fourth subcostal nervules of anterior wings 

 bifui'cating at about two-thirds of the distance be- 

 tween end of cell and apex of wing. 

 cc. First subcostal nervule of anterior wings emitted beyond 

 middle of cell. -------- 



AAA. First subcostal nervule of anterior wings not anastomosed 

 with, nor impinging on, the costal nervure. 

 e. First subcostal nervule of anterior wings emitted at about 

 middle of cell. -.....-. 



2. Posterior wings with two short filamentous tail-like ap- 

 pendages. 



ce. First subcostal nervule of anterior wings emitted con- 

 siderably beyond middle of cell. . . . - 



Fio.C'i. — Anterior wing otjnmiilcs 

 hochiis, showing suhcostiil ner- 

 vules. 



Flo. ft4. — Anterior wing of Polyom- 

 matiis baticus, showing subcostal 

 nervule.'i. 



-Jamides. 



Catochrysops. 

 Lajipides. 



Polyommatus. 



Lyctenesthes. 



Genus CASTALIUS. 



Castalim, Hubnor, Verz. bek. Hclimott. p. 70 (1810) ; Moore, Lop. Ccyl. i. p. 82 (1881). 



Anterior wings subtriaugular ; costal margin arched and slightly convex, outer margin moderately 

 convex and sometimes slightly waved, inner margin somewhat concavely sinuate ; costal nervure extending 

 to a little beyond middle of costal margin ; first subcostal nervule short, emitted a little beyond half of cell 

 and anastomosed with costal nervure, second emitted close to base of first, third from a little before end of 



- I liavc previously acknowledged and hiid stress on the artificiality, if couveuiency. of my proposed groups, formulated 

 alone_ on superficial characters. The hiological method of classification is now more 'thorough and accurate, based on the 

 teachings of morphology and embryology ; but even then, as recently pointed out by Dr. T. Margo, we must " regard all the 

 <lifferent endeavoius of systematists to group animals exclusively in accordance with one character, whether morphological, 

 emhryological, or biol.jgical, external or internal, as mere experiments— such a grouping or classification of animals can never 

 1)0 the true expression of tlioir natural affinities."—'' The Classif. Anim. Kmgd., with reference to the newer Zool. Systems " (Eng. 

 trans., Ann. it Mag. Nat. Hist. ser. 5, vol. xiii. p. 316). 



