RHOPALOCERA MALAYANA. 311 



1. Appias nero. (Tab. XXIV., figs. 9 <? , 10 ? .) 



I'apiliu Xav, Fabricius, Eut. Syst. iii. 1, p. 153, u. 471 (1793); Don. lus. Iiul. t. .•{2, f. 1 (1800). 



Pieris Xero, Boisd. Sp. Gen. i. p. 485, u. 72 (183G). 



Pieris Thijna, Godt. Euc. Metli. ix. p. 147, ii. 101 (1819); Luc. Lep. Ex. t. 25, f. 3 (1835). 



Pontia Tlujria, Horsf. Zool. Journ. v. p. 09, t. 4, 1". 2 (1829). 



Pieris Jii/uUna, Butl. Ann. Nat. Hist. ser. 3, vol. xx. p. 399, t. 8, f. 1 (1807). 



T.iclii/ris nn-,}, Wall. Trans. Ent. Soc. ser. 3, vol. iv. p. 378, n. 40 (1807); Druce, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1873, 



p. 355, n. 5 ; Khoil, Rhop. der. lusel Nias, p. 34, n. 128 (1884). 

 Ap/iiiia nero, Butl. Proc. Zool. Soc. 1872, p. 40, u. 20 ; Trans. Linn. Soe. ser. 2, Zool. vol. i. p. 551, n. (1877). 

 Aiqiid^fiijiilina, Butl. Trans. Linn. Soc. ser. 2, Zool. vol. i. p. 551, n. 7 (1877). 



Male. Wings above either carmine or vermilion-red; anterior wings with the basal costal area 

 speckled with fuscous and greenish, the neuration blackish, the apical area more or less infuscated, and 

 with a more or less distinct submarginal series of obscure blackish spots placed on the nervulos ; posterior 

 wings with the neuration only darkened towards outer margin, which is more or less distinctly fuscous. 

 Wings beneath paler than above ; anterior wings with the costal and apical areas more or less ochraceous, 

 and with some obscure submarginal fuscous spots ; posterior wings paler and more ochraceous than the 

 anterior, the abdominal margin distinctly ochraceous, — in some specimens with a more or less obscure 

 discal fuscous fascia. Body above fuscous, beneath greyish ; thorax beneath, and legs more or less 

 ochraceous. 



Female. Darker than the male ; anterior wings with the basal area infuscated, the costal area pale 

 fuscous ; the apex and outer margin broadly dark fuscous, and with an elongated transverse dark fuscous 

 spot reaching from end of cell to near outer margin above the upper median nervule, and a submarginal 

 dark fuscous spot extending between the second and third median nervules ; posterior wings with the basal 

 area infuscated, the outer margin broadly dark fuscous, and the neuration towards the outer margin also 

 infuscated. Anterior wings beneath reddish ochraceous, with the dark markings as above, but paler and 

 with a subapical transverse grej'ish streak. Posterior wings pale reddish-grey, with the outer margin 

 fuscous, tinged w'ith ochraceous, and an irregular broad fuscous submarginal fascia. 



Exp. wings, S and ? , 70 to 73 millim. 



Hab. — Malay Peninsula; Penang (Biggs — coll. L)ist.) ; Province Wellesley (colls. Saner & IJist.) ; 

 Perak (Kunst. — Calc. Mus.) ; Malacca (Pinwill — Brit. Mus.) ; Singapore (Brit. Mus.). — Siam (Brit. Mus.). — 

 Nias Island (Kheil). — Java (Brit. Mus.). — Borneo (coll. Godm. & Salv. — coll. Dist.). 



This species is of a variable character, there beiug two forms of the male, one much 

 brighter and paler than the other. This has induced Mr. Butler to separate these forms as 

 distinct species, the pale form being identified as his A.figuliua.* I do not think, howcsver, 

 that this specific separation can be maintained, as precisely similar variation is found in allied 

 species, and notably in the Celebesian A. zar'nula, Boisd. A still more remarkable variation, 

 and that of a structural character, is to be found in the bifurcation of the tliird and fourth 

 subcostal nervules of the anterior wings, which in some specimens occurs much nearer to the 

 apex of the wing than in others. 



2. Appias hippo. (Tab. XXV., fig. 4 ^ , 6 2.) 



I'aptliu Hiitito, Cramer, Pap. Ex. iii. t. 195, B, C (1782). 



Pieris Hippo, Godt. Enc. Meth. ix. p. 143, u. 89 (1819) ; Boisd. Sp. G6n. i. p. 534, n. 141 (1836). 



Appias hippo, Butl. Proc. Zool. Soc. 1872, p. 47, n. 38 ; de Nic. J. A. S. Hen-, vol. l. p. 52, n. 54 (1881). 



Pieris EUonora, Boisd. Sp. Gen. i. p. 481, u. 04 (1830). 



Appias eleoiwra, Butl. Trans. Linn. Soc. ser. 2, Zool. vol. i. p. 551, n. 3 (1877). 



* Trans. Linn. Soc. ser. 2, Zool. vol. i. p. •'551 (1877). 



