APPENDIX. 409 



submarginal series of small pale spots. Head and thorax above blackish, spotted and streaked \\ith 

 whitish ; abdomen olivaceous-brown. Head and thorax beneath and legs blackish, spotted and streaked 

 with white, abdomen above fuscous ; abdomen beneath olivaccous-brown, with a scries of apical segmental 

 whitish fasciae. 



Exp. -wings, 82 to 115 millim. 



Hab.— Continental India; Himalayan Region (Marsh. & de Nic.).— Tenasserim (Marsh. & de Nic.).— 

 Malay Peninsula; Perak (Kunst.— Gale. Mus.).— Formosa (Butl.).— Japan (Jonas— coll. Dist.) ; Nikko 

 (Brit. Mus.). 



There can be no qiu'stion as to the variabihty of this species, and I here treat it 

 accordingly, and do not follow Mr. Moore in giving distinctive names to the local forms. The 

 form found at Perak is certainly not constant, as in two specimens in my own collection one 

 has the large pale spot on the anterior wings between the second and third median norvulcs 

 partially cleft, whilst the other has the spot completely divided (specimen fujiired). 



According to Col. Lang it is a forest-loving insect, frequenting in the Western Himalayas 

 wooded glens, at 6000 to 7000 feet altitude, with a high and soaring flight. In Kulu " it is 

 not uncommon ; it has four broods— the first brood appearing in April at the lower altitude ; 

 the second brood appears in June at about 6000 feet elevation ; a third brood appears in 

 August and the tirst week in September; and the fourth, which is much the smallest in 

 numbers, appears late in October. It is strong on the wing and a high flier ; the long pendant 

 flowers of the hill toon {Ccilrrla sinrata) are much affected by it" (A. Graham Young).* 



I am indebted to Dr. J. Anderson for my first knowledge of this species occurring in Perak, 

 his fine collection made by Herr Kiinstler having been submitted to me for examination. 



The systematic position of D. tijtia is after I), mt'lannis. 



9. Danais abigar. (Tab. XLIL, fig. 11.) 



IJt'd Ahi(jai-, Eschscboltz, Kotzeb. Pieise, iii. p. 209, t. 7, f. 12 a, b (1821 1. 

 Eitphea chionijipe, Hiibn. Samml. exot. Scbmett. t. 6, f.'l, 1 (180(5 — 1824). 

 Danais cecilia, Bougainv. Voy. Thetis, ii. p. 3-12, t. 41, f. 1 (1837). 

 Salatura chionippe, Moore, Free. Zool. Soc. 1883, p. 243, n. 16. 

 Aiwsia ahi<i(ir, Semp. Scbmett. Phillip. luseln. p. 17, u. 15 (1886). 



Anterior wings above dark ochraeeous ; costal area, apical half, inner marginal area and the ueuration 

 dark fuscous ; the outer fuscous area contains the following whitish spots : — one small costal spot near 

 middle of costal margin and two above end of cell ; six large spots in oblique series beyond end of cell, of 

 which the upper five are only separated by the nervules and the lowermost is rounded and more detached ; 

 a few small apical spots, and a marginal and submarginal series commencing at upper median nervule. 

 Posterior wings above whitish, the costal and outer marginal areas broadly dark fuscous, inwardly spotted 

 and marked with castaneous ; the costal dark area contains some whitish markings, and the outer dark 

 area contains a marginal and a submarginal series of small whitish spots. Anterior wings beneath as 

 above, but slightly paler, and with the marginal and submarginal series of spots continued to apex ; 

 posterior wings beneath as above, but paler. Head and thorax above dark fuscous, the head and anterior 

 portion of thorax spotted with whitish ; abdomen dark ochraeeous, with a dorsal fuscous stripe ; head and 

 thorax beneath blackish, spotted with whitish ; legs black, the femora streaked with whitish. 



Exp. wings, G8 to 74 millim. 



Hab. — Malay Peninsula; Province Wellesley (Birch — coll. Dist.). — Philippines; Manilla, Luzon 

 (Moore). 



=■= Marsh. & de Nic. ' Butt. Iiul. Burm. and C'eyl.' vol. i. p. 43. 



July 30, 1886. r, m 



