7. OSPHROMENUS. 38:') 



in the peuixltimatc lateral band, a little in front of tlic end rtf tlu' 

 anal fin. 



Fresh waters of Java, Madura, Sumatra, and Borneo. Naturalized 

 in Pinang Malacca, Mauritius, and Cayenne. 



a-c. Aault and half-grown : skiub. Pinang. From Dr. Cantor's 

 Collection. 



d. Young. Malayan Peninsula. From Dr. Cantor's Collection. 



e, f. Half-grown and young : skins. East Indies. 

 g. Half-grown. East Indies. 



h-m. Half-grown and young. Mauritius. From the Collection of 



the Zoological Society. 

 n, o-p, q. Half-grown and young. 

 r. Half-grown : skeleton. Purchased. 



Skeleton. — The upper surface of the skull, the intcroi'bital spac(> 

 included, is rather broad and convex ; occipital crest elevated, lateral 

 crests moderately developed ; there is a broad and deep groove ex- 

 tending on between the orbits, in which the processes of the inter- 

 maxillary move ; the turbinal bones are elongate, and situated on 

 each side of that groove. The posterior processes of the intermax- 

 illary are longer than the descending branches of the bone, or than 

 the maxiUary, which is very slightly dilated at its extremity ; pra^- 

 orbital triangular, infraorbital ring very narrow. The bottom of the 

 tympanic cavity is entirely osseoiis. The limbs of the prajoperculum 

 are of equal length, and meet at a right angle, the edge of the lower 

 Kmb being .slightly curved ; operculum higher than long. Coracoid 

 straight, long ; there is a wide cleft between ulna and humerus ; 

 carpal bones short ; pubic bones narrow, slender, firmly attached to 

 each other, each being composed of three lanieUai. 



There are nineteen abdominal and twenty-eight caudal vertebra', 

 the length of the former portion of the vertebral column being to that 

 of the caudal as 1 : 1'5. The vertebriE are short, slightly compressed, 

 elevated. The haemals and interha^mals are considerably long(>r than 

 the neurals and interneurals. There are seven spurioiis intcrneurals 

 between the occiput and the dorsal fin ; one interhasmal and inter- 

 neural always correspond to a ha;mal and neural. The first haemal is 

 very long and strong : the first interhaemal is cirrvcd, and fixed to the 

 middle of the haemal, so that a space remains between the lower end 

 of the haemal and the upper of the intcrha>mal ; this space is fiUed 

 up by five interhaemals intercalated between the two bones : the 

 second haemal is firmly united with the first: the last haemal is 

 continuous "with the fan-like expansion of the last vertebrn. Ribs 

 moderately developed. 



line!?. 

 Length of the fifth, twelfth, and twenty-sixth 



vertebi'ae Ig 



of the abdominal portion 18.4 



of the caudal portion 28 



of the first ho-mal spine 19 



