1. MITGIL. 417 



1. Mugil cephalns. 



Cefalo (Rome) ; Cievolo (Venice) ; Carida (Nice) ; Boiiri, Bouria 



(Eg3T)t, Tunis). 

 Kt(f)a\os, Arist. Hist. Anim. v. c. 11, vi. c. 17, viii. c. 2 & 19. 

 Cephalus, Ronclel. ix. c. 5. p. 2G0 ; Gesner, Aquat. iv. p. 549. 

 Cestreus, sp. 1, Klein, Hist. Pise. 3Iiss. y. p. 23. 

 Mulet-Cftbot, Duharnel, Peches, iii. sect. 6. cap. 2. p. 146. 

 Mugil tang, Bl. taf. 395 (very bad) ; Bl Schn. p. 115. tab. 33. fig. 1, 



fi'om Block. 

 cephalus, Ckiv. Rhgne Anim. ; Risso, Ichth. Nice, p. 343, and Eur. 



Mirid. iii. p. 388 ; Bonap. Faun. Ital. Pesc. (anal fin incorrect) ; 



Cm. ^ Vat xi. p. 19. pi. .307 ; Lowe, Proc. Zool Soc. 184.3, p. 8G ; 



Nordm. in Demid. Voy. Russ. 3Icrid. iii. p. 395 ; Guichen. Explor. 



Alger, Poiss. p. 67. 

 cephalus, var. A, De la Roche, Ann. Mus. xiii. p. 358. tab. 20. 



fig. 4. 

 On Mugil cephalus. Block, cfr. Trosch. in Wiegm. Arck. 1840, p. 278. 



D. 4 1 -i-. A. |. L. lat. 42. L. tranav, 14-15. Caec. pylor. 2. 

 Vert. 12/12. 



The height of the body is contained five times in the total length, 

 the length of the head four times and a half. The head is very 

 slightly convex superiorly, and the width of the interorbital space is 

 contained twice and one-third in the length of the head. The upper 

 lip is not thick. The angle made by the two mandibulary bones is 

 an obtuse one. The cleft of the mouth is not quite half as deep as 

 broad (between the angles of the mouth). The maxillary is entirely 

 covered by the prajorbital. Eyes hidden behind a broad adipose 

 membrane ; nostrils rather distant from each other, the posterior 

 being in the middle between the anterior and the orbit. The space 

 at the chin between the mandibles is broadly lanceolate. . The ver- 

 tical fins are not scaly ; the first two dorsal spines are half as long 

 as the head : the pectoral extends to about the eighth scale of the 

 lateral line* ; its base is above the middle of the body ; the ventral 

 is inserted midway between the pectoral and spinous dorsal. Dark, 

 shining stripes alon^ the series of scales. 



Mediterranean. Coast of Madeira. Nile. Freshwater lakes of 

 Tunis. West coast of Africa. 



a. Half-grown. River Niger. From Mr. Fraser's Collection. 



2. Mugil lineatns. 



Mugil lineatus, (^Mitch.) Cuv. Sf Vol. xi. p. 96 ; Dekay, Netc York 

 Fauna, Fishes, p. 144. pi. 15. fig. 42 (bad). 



D. 4 I -i-. A. |. L. lat. 40. L. transv. 13. 



The height of the body is contained four times and two-thirds in 

 the total length, the length of the head five times and one-third. 



* In speaking of a lateral line in the fishes of this genus, I mean by it that 

 longitudinal series of scales which commences next above the pointed axillarj 

 scale. 



VOL. III. 2 E 



