cross between domestic cattle and the buffalo. It has been 

 his experience that these animals will interbreed only when 

 they have been reared together practically from infancy. 

 In all of his experiments he has used black polled Angus 

 cattle, partly because this breed is very hardy, like the 

 buffalo, and partly because of its solid black color. There 

 are perhaps one hundred of the cross-bred animals on the 

 Goodnight ranch, ranging all the way from what are prac- 

 tically full-blood polled Angus cattle, to creatures with so 

 little domestic blood in them that no one but the breeder 

 could tell that they were not full-blood buffaloes. Be- 

 tween these extremes the animals vary greatly in appear- 

 ance. Some favoring the buffalo, have horns ; others lean- 

 ing toward the polled Angus in this respect, have none. 

 Some are almost black; others, a rich seal brown; and 

 among the rest, many shades of brindle are represented. 



Many of the animals, especially those of the first and 

 second crosses, are of great size, much larger than either 

 the buffalo or the Angus cattle. Where the buffalo blood 

 predominates it is shown by the general formation of the 

 body, by the great height of the hump, and by the length 

 of the hair, especially the hair of the forehead, throat and 

 fore-legs. The tail, too, is usually very much shorter than 

 that of the pure domestic animals. As the amount of the 

 buffalo blood is increased, these characteristics become 

 more pronounced; as it is eliminated they tend to disap- 

 pear. By crossing back toward either race, four or five 

 times in succession, the characteristics of the other race are 

 usually so nearly wiped out that no trace of them is visible, 

 externally at least. 



Some of the animals observed at the Goodnight ranch, 

 notably those with a preponderance of buffalo blood, had 

 wonderful coats. These were fairly long, lustrous and 

 apparently silky, and in the cases of the dark-skinned 

 animals, very beautiful. 



According to Mr. Goodnight, the value of the cattalo 

 as a farm animal Mdll be based, first on its hide, which is 

 more beautiful and more generally useful than a buffalo- 

 robe; second upon its beef, of which it produces a large 

 quantity, said to be of excellent quality; and third, upon 

 its hardiness, since it is said to be able to thrive under con- 

 ditions which are fatal to range cattle. 



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