KHINOLOPHUS 



137 



of the Old World leaf-nosed bats, and the only family known 

 to occur in Europe. Notwithstanding its extensive distribution 

 and its large number of species the group is represented by a 

 single genus. 



(ienus RHINOLOPHUS Lacepede. 



1799. Rhinoloplius Lacepede, Tabl. des div. sousdiv. ordres et genres des 



Mammiferes, p. 15 (ferrjim-equiniini). 

 1836. Bhinocrepis Gervais, Diet. Pittoresque d'Hist. Nat. iv, pt. 2, p. GIT 



(attributed to GeofEroy and Cuvier, Mag. Encyclopedique, 1795, 



but the name does not occur in the paper alluded to). 

 1847. Aquias Gray, Proc. Zool. Soc. London, p. 15 {luetics and trifoliatiis). 

 1857. Rhinolopluis Blasius, Saugethiere Deutschlands, p. 26. 

 1866. Phyllotis Gray, Proc. Zool. Soc. London, p. 81 {'phiUjjjx-nsis) not 



Phyllotis Waterhouse, 1837. 

 1866. Coslophijllus Gray, Proc. Zool. Soc. London, p. 427 (ccelopJiyllus). 

 1878. Rhinolophus Dobson, Catal. Chiropt. Brit. ]\Ius., p. 100. 

 1901. Euryalus INIatschie, Sitz.-Ber. Gesellsch. naturforsch. Freunde, 



Berlin, p. 225 {meliclyi). 

 1904. Euryalus Matschie and Andersen, Sitz.-Ber. Gesellsch. naturforsch. 



Freunde, Berlin, p. 71 (curyale group). 

 1907. Rhhiolopihus Miller, Families and Genera of Bats, p. 108, June 29, 



1907. 



Type species. — Vespert'dio ferriim-equinum tSchreber. 



Geographical distribution. — Same as that of family (p. 136). 



Characters. — Dental formula : / ^^^7, ) '' \E\ j 1^'"^ ^', ) "' |55 — •^'-^ 

 Upper incisor very small, but usually well formed and with 

 distinct rounded crown with slight cusp on inner side. Lower 

 incisors trifid, the outer larger than inner, the four teeth 

 forming a continuous row between canines. Upper canine 

 heavy, but without secondary cusps or conspicuous cingulum. 

 Lower canine rather weak. Anterior upper premolar (jjm^) and 

 middle lower premolar (pm^) small, functionless, usually crowded 

 (juite out of tooth-row. Other teeth showing no special peculiari- 

 ties ; m^ and m'" without hypocone, m^ with live cusps and 

 three commissures (in many species a rudimentary fourth com- 

 missure), the crown area much more than half that of m^ or 

 m'^. Skull with large brain-case and much shortened, globularly 

 inflated rostrum, beyond which the maxillaries, bearing the large 

 canines, conspicuously project ; palate so deeply emarginated 

 both anteriorly and posteriorly that its median length is less 

 than least distance between tooth-rows. Tail well developed, 

 extending to edge of wide interfemoral membrane. Calcar 

 slender. Ears large, separate, without tragus. Muzzle with 

 conspicuous leaf-like cutaneous outgrowths, consisting of a hori- 

 zontal anterior horseshoe, a perpendicular median sella and an 

 erect posterior lancet (tig. 26). 



Remarks. — Among European bats the members of the genus 

 Rhinolophus are at once recognizable by the presence of the nose- 



