956 



UNGULATA 



Family SUID^. 



1821. SuidH' Gray, London IMed. Repos., xv, p. 30G, April 1, 1821. 



Geograjpltical distributlou. — Wanner and temperate portions 

 of the Old World from Japan and the Philippines to Ireland 

 (now extinct in the British Islands), south throughout Africa 

 (including Madagascar) and in the Malay region to New Guinea. 



Characters. — Snout elongated, the abruptly truncate muzzle 

 terminating in a vertically flattened, expanded pad svipported by 

 a well developed free ossicle (not shown in figs. 199 and 200); 

 incisors rooted, the upper teeth normally present though some- 

 times lost in old age ; upper canine curving outward and upward 

 at side of muzzle ; molars bunodont ; stomach essentially simple ; 

 feet with four well-developed toes ; no horns or antlers. 



Remarks. — The family Suidse contains at least six well- 

 defined living genera. Only one of these, the typical Sua, occurs 

 in Europe. 



Genus SUS Linno?us. 



1758. Sus Linnteus, Syst. Nat., i, 10th ed., p. 49. 



176G. Apcr Pallas, Miscellanea Zoologica, p. IG (Substitute for Sus). 



1815. Apcr Rafinesque, Analyse de la Nature, p. 56 (Substitute for Sus). 



1857. Sus Blasius, Siiugethiere Deutschlands, p. 508. 



1868. Scrofa Gray, Proc. Zool. Soc, London, p. 38 (Domestic Pig). 



Type species. — Sus scrofa Linna?us (by tautonymy). 



GeograpMcal distrihution.- — Same as that of the family Suidse, 

 except that in Africa it is confined to the Mediterranean region. 



Characters. — Dental formula : i |Ef, c JE^, pjm 4E5, m ^Eg = 44 ; 

 incisors and premolars tending to remain functional throughout 

 life, though the small i^, pvi^ and pru^ are not infrequently lost ; 

 bunodont structure of molars showing no special modification ; 

 canines small in females, moderately large and conspicuously 

 trenchant in males ; skull elongate, high and narrow, typically 

 suine and without con.spicuous modifications. 



Bemai-Jcs. — The genus Sus as now understood contains about 

 thirty recognized living species, mostly of the Indo-Malayan 

 region. Two appear to be readily distinguished among the 

 members of the group occurring in western Europe. 



KEY TO THE EUROPEAN SPECIES OF SUS. 



Upper length of skull in adult males usually more 



than 350 mm. ; vi^ with third transverse ridge 



well developed (Distribution general) S. scrofa, p. 957. 



Upper length of skull in adult males usually less 



than 300 mm. ; 7n^ with third transverse ridge 



obsolete (Sardinia) S. meridionalis, p. 960. 



