HOOK-LIPPED OR BLACK RHINOCEROS 641 



of the northern base of Kenia, where, however, they were 

 hard to see. They prefer dry country, although they need 

 to drink freely every twenty-four hours. 



Apparently the cow does not permit her old calf to stay 

 with her after the new calf is born. We never saw a cow 

 with two calves of different ages (or, for the matter of that, 

 of the same age); yet many times we saw a cow followed 

 by a half-grown or more than half-grown beast that must 

 have been several years old. Generally we found the bulls 

 solitary and the cows either solitary or followed by their 

 calves. Occasionally we found a bull and cow, or a bull, 

 cow, and calf, together. There is no regular breeding time; 

 the calf may be produced at any season. It follows its 

 mother within a very few days, or even hours, of its birth, 

 and is jealously guarded by the mother. When very young 

 any one of the bigger beasts of prey will pounce on it, and 

 instances have been known of a party of lions killing even 

 a three parts grown animal. The adult fears no beast of 

 the land, not even the lion, although it will usually move 

 out of the elephant's way. Yet the crocodile, or perhaps a 

 party of crocodiles, may pull a rhino under water and drown 

 it. Mr. Fleischman, of Cincinnati, not merely witnessed 

 but photographed such an incident, in the Tana River, 

 where the rhinoceros was seized by the hind leg as it stood 

 in the water, could not reach the bank, and after a pro- 

 longed struggle was finally pulled beneath the surface. Such 

 an occurrence must be wholly exceptional; for the rhi- 

 noceros shows no hesitation in approaching deep water, not 

 merely drinking but bathing in it. 



The animals are fond of wallowing in mud holes, and 

 also at times in dusty places. Often the dung will be 



