50 CHEREY. 



The infestation may be found from its first appearance in 

 spring until tlie attack of tlie successive generations ends witli 

 the appearance of the egg-laying female in autumn, which is 

 recorded as having been taken as late as the 31st of October. 



The general blackness of the infestation is one very notice- 

 able point. The winged female, producing living young (vivi- 

 parous), has the body wholly black, the abdomen sometimes 

 clouded with yellowish green, the honey-tubes also black, and 

 the wings ample and broad (see figure, p. 49). The expanse 

 of wings rather more than a quarter of an inch, the length of 

 body not quite one-twelfth part of an inch.* 



The wingless viviparous female, which is also about one 

 line in length, is black and shining, the legs ochreous, with 

 the thighs, feet, and tips to the shanks black. 



The autumn egg-producing (oviparous) female is dark shining 

 brown or ochreous brown ; and the male, which also is to be 

 found in October, is in great part brownish black, but with 

 the small abdomen ochreous yellow, with five brown trans- 

 verse bands, and four spots on each side. 



The pupa is shining olive green, with resinous j'ellow- 

 coloured wing-cases ; and the larvte are stated (in quite their 

 earliest stages) to be dull white or pale yellow, the colour 

 becoming darker with age. 



This species is recorded by Kaltenbach as infesting the 

 " sweet and the sour Cherry " ; and by Dr. Cyrus Thomas t 

 as found in abundance both on Cherry and Plum ; and by 

 Mr. Buckton as having been found in viviparous form on 

 Black Currant about the end of October. 



The means of prevention and remedy for this attack are 

 the same which are mentioned in other kinds of aphis attack, 

 for which see Index ; but in this case, from the extraordinary 

 amount of sticky dirt with which the leafage and shoots 

 become loaded, it is particularly desirable to apply washes as 

 soon as possible, and good drcnchings even of water alone, 

 sent with force so as to wash off much of the infestation and 

 clean the leafage, are very beneficial. 



Large Tortoiseshell Butterfly. Vanessa pohjcJdoros, Linn. 



The caterpillars of this fine butterfly, figured at p. 51, life 

 size, in its three stages, are to be found feeding on Aspen, 



* For precise measurements and detailed descriptions of M. cerasi, see 

 Buckton's 'British Aphides,' vol. i. pi^. 174-170. 



t See " Myzus cerasi," in his ' Third Annual Eeport ' as State Entomologist 

 of Illinois, p. 75. 



