136 



PEAR. 



grey spotted with small red tubercles, and easil}' distinguish- 

 able by having four large tufts of yellowish or brownish hairs 

 on the back, and also five pencils or bunches of long dark 

 pin-headed hairs disposed — one on each side behind the head, 

 pointing forwards ; one on each side of the fifth segment ; 

 and one on the back of the penultimate segment, forming a 

 kind of tail-hke appendage (see figure, p. 135). By the above 



Cocoons of Orpijia antiqiia, respectively covered with eggs and showing 

 chrysalis within. 



characteristics the caterpillars are easily known from shortly 

 after hatching. 



When full-fed, which may be from May to August, they 

 spin their cocoons (see figures above), mixed with hairs, on 

 the twigs amongst the remains of the leaves on which they 

 have been feeding, or on trunks of trees or palings, and in 

 these the caterpillar changes to a dusky yellow chrysalis, 

 from which the moth appears in summer in about a fortnight. 



The excellent specimens shown above were sent me during 

 November, 1890, from Croome Court, Severn Stoke, Wor- 

 cestershire, by direction of the Earl of Coventry, and figured 

 by his kind permission, and show the great number of eggs 

 quite coating over the outside of the cocoon, and. thus point 

 out that the starting point of what would be much future 

 mischief if neglected might be very easily got rid of where 

 these egg-covered cocoons are in reach. 



Specimens of the attack have not often been sent me, but 

 I have had them in 1886 and again in 1890 from widely 

 separated localities, as from Linton-on-Ouse ; Porchester 

 Terrace, London, where they did a deal of mischief ; also 



