WINTER MOTH ; PARIS, OR EMERALD GREEN. 169 



Paris-green was one of the applications especially selected 

 for experiment, as having been known for many years to act 

 trustworthily as an insecticide in the United States and 

 Canada, and also because, from the Government Reports of 

 both countries, we were able to learn all requisite details 

 as to precise methods of application ; and further we were 

 most kindly aided in our experiments by advice from Mr. J. 

 Fletcher, the Dominion Entomologist of Canada. 



At the meetings of the Committee the several experiences 

 of the members were given, showing clearly that, even under 

 careful experiment, just the same uncertainty occurred with 

 regard to reliable effects of almost all the applications, as has 

 appeared long to be the case. Alum, hellebore, ammoniacal 

 liquor, and many other applications were tried, and some- 

 times found useful ; sometimes, as in the case of alum, found 

 occasionally useful, but also, and on very careful trial else- 

 where, of not the slightest service ; and later on, when the 

 caterpillar was more advanced, the alum was found to be of 

 no service at all. 



Paris-green used as a liquid application — that is, mixed in 

 an excessively small quantitj^ with very much water, and 

 sprayed as a mist on the trees — answered for the most part 

 well; and I give the following directions for use, and also 

 cautions required (the chemical being of a poisonous nature), 

 from the Government publications of Canada and of the 

 United States, together with our own experiences.* 



Directions for Use of Paris-green. — For liquid appli- 

 cation. — The amount recommended in Canada for spraying 

 for Codlin Moth or young "looper" caterpillar is "not more 

 than from 2 to 4 ozs. in 40 (forty) gallons of water, or g^ to 

 5- oz. in a pail of water (4 gallons, E. A. 0.), to be applied as 

 a fine spray b}^ means of a force-]:)ump. The foliage must not 

 be drenched, but the s^^ray should only be allowed to fall upon 

 the trees until it begins to drop from the leaves." 



'* For fieneral use on mature foliaije. — 5- lb. of Paris-green, 

 50 gallons of water. First mix the Paris-green separately with 

 a small quantity of water, then add to it the whole supply. 

 All washes containing Paris-green must be constantly stirred 

 to keep it in suspension, or it will sink to the bottom." (See 

 also 18th and 19th lines from top of p. 171.— E. A. 0.) 



The amount found serviceable by the Evesham Fruit Com- 

 mittee coincided almost exactly with the weaker mixture 

 mentioned above. The Committee decided that they could 



* Special details will be found in various of my own Annual Eeports ; also 

 a condensed account in my 'Manual,' second edition ; and plain directions for 

 use in my leaflet on Paris-green, for gratuitous distribution. — E. A. O. 



