252 STRAWBERRY. 



Crop. Manure. 



1881 to 1884. Strawberries 



/■Heavily manured with London straw 



1885. Potatoes ^"^?' ^""^ ^°T ^T'}^ '"^P^' ^Z' 



monia, superphosphate, sown with 



[ Potatoes. 



1886. Wheat 



1887. Clover, very heavy croji 



1888. Potatoes I ^""""y']^ manured (again as before) in 



( winter ot 1887-88. 



1889. Planted Strawberries, and plants fl'^^9-90. Manured Strawberries in 



all started well and did well. . November and December, and dug 

 lof^r. nj_ , • ■ 1 1 . i ?n r)eat moss and sawdust, horse 



1890. Strawberries with large quantity manure from London having lain in 



of deformed plants ( j^ l^^^pg from August. 



On opening one of the side buds of the plants sent me on 

 May 28th, I found Eelworms of various sizes numerously 

 present, somewhat resembling Tylcnckus devastatrix, the 

 " Stem Eelworm," which we know well as causing Tulip-root 

 in Oats and stem-sickness in Clover (of which I give a figure 

 on p. 254 for reference). Not, however, having the requisite 

 knowledge of nematoid worms to be able to identify the 

 species myself, I forwarded specimens to Dr. J. Eitzema 

 Bos, Professor at the State Agricultural College, Wageningen, 

 Holland,* for the benefit of his well-skilled opinion. 



On examination Dr. Eitzema Bos found the infesting Eel- 

 worms to belong to the genus Ayhclenclms of Bastian, but not 

 to be identical with any of the species of this genus with 

 which we were previously acquainted, and therefore (as being 



Description of Figures. 



1. Strawberry plant infested by Aplielenclim fragaricB. 



a. Scaly buds developed in the axils of normally developed leaves — h. 

 h. A very swollen stem, with 



c. Eudimentary flower buds always remaining closed. 



d. Accumulation of rudimentary buds at the base of the branch 6. 



e. Cauliflower-like accumulation of strongly branched and broadened 



inflorescent parts, with imperfectly developed flowers and sheathing 

 leaves. 



/. Section of similar Cauliflower growth. 



g. Accumulated blossoms, partly rudimentary, partly abnormally de- 

 veloped, such as are shown seijarately in 2 and 3. 



li. Portion of leaf-stalks of normally developed leaves. 



i. Stunted leaves of fairly normal shape. 



2. Monstrously developed blossom ; outer leaves of the calyx narrow ; inner 



calyx leaves more developed, some very thick and twisted, others 

 branched, and a few trifid like ordinary leaves ; the blossom appears to 

 have split into three divisions, but the petals, stamens, and pistil of 

 these parts have remained rudimentary and indistinguishable from each 

 other. 



3. Monstrously developed blossom ; outer leaves of the calyx narrow ; inner 



leaves of calyx well developed, but a few of them twisted ; petals of corolla 

 stunted, and some of them twisted, and no sign of pistil or stamens. 



4. Abnormally developed stamen. 



* Now Director of the Phyto-pathological Laboratory at Amsterdam. 



