ARGUMENT OF GREAT BRITAIN. 49 



Even if the bays shown on the United States Map are <Post,v.59.) 

 intended to be inelnded in the a])i)lication of the law as is 

 sn,c:gested in the United States Case, the chiim mnst be 

 justified, if at all, on the principle of waters of the terri- 

 tory previousl}' referred to and subsequently explained. 



Mexican Pearl Fisheries. 

 The United States Case states — Case/p, 236. ' 



that along the coast of Lower California tlio pearl-befls have beeu Ibid., Appen- 

 uiade the suhjeet of special exclusive grants to private individuals, dix., vol. i, p. 491. 

 and have been divided for tliis ]>nrpose into two belts: the inner belt 

 extending seaward for 3 miles (5 kilom.), and the other belt for 6 

 miles (10 kilom.). 



Foreign vessels are admitted generally to the Mexican ^^f^**'^^^ ^9""°" 

 fisheries if they comjjly with the laws and regulations. ^^ it»o,v- 



The only claim made by Mexico is to regulate all fisher- 

 men alike; but with regard to English fishermen, attention 

 is drawn to the provisions of Article IV of the Treaty of 

 1888 between Great Britain and Mexico, by which the two 

 Powers agree to 3 miles as the limit of their territorial 

 waters. 



55 THE UNITED STATES CONTENTION NOT SUPPORTED 



BY FOREIGN LAWS. 



These are the only foreign laws set out by the United 

 States, and it may be assumed that there are no laws of 

 any other countries on which the United States could rely 

 to support their claim, either directly or by analogy. 



Her Majesty's Government submit that these laws do 

 not support the United States contention. 



Examination of Legal Principles. 



statement of legal principles referred to in 

 analysis of british and foregin laws, 



Throughout the foregoing discussion of the legislation 

 of various nations, certain principles of law have been 

 referred to, the full explanation of which had necessarily 

 to be i^ostponed until the examinations were completed. 



For convenience these principles will now be collected, 

 and will then be separately examined: 



(1.) That by the universal usage of nations, the laws of 

 any State have no extra-territorial application to foreign- 

 ers, even if they have such api)lication to subjects. 



(II.) That Great Britain has incorporated this principle 

 into her own law by a long-established usage, and a series 

 of decisions of her Courts; and that the law of the United 

 States is identical. 



(III.) That the British Colonies have no power to legis- 

 late for foreigners beyond the colonial limits. 



(IV.) That international law has recognized the right to 

 acquire certain portions of the waters of the sea and the 

 soil under the sea, in bays, and in waters between islands 

 and the mainland. 



B S, PT X 4 



