15. oiscoGNA'rrru.s. 69 



1. Discognathus lamta. 

 Cyprimis lanita, Ham. Bxch. Fish. Gain/, pp. 3-43, 393. 



gotylu, (rrdj/ ^- Jldfdir. 111. Ind. Zool. tig. 



Gonorliyuchus riipiculua, M'Clell. Ind. Ci/pr. pp. 281, 373, tab. 43. 



figs. 4-5. 

 biinaculatus, 3PClcU. I. c. pp. 281, 373, tab. 43. fig. 2 (cop. from 



Hamilton s MS, drawitigs). 



brachypterus, M'Clell. I. c. pp. 283,374. 



caudatus, M'Clell. I. c. p. 37o. 



Discoguatlius rufus, Heckel in Russeqger's Reiseyi, i. p. 1071, taf. 8. 



fig. 2. 



obtusus, Heckel, I c. p. 1072, taf. 8. fig. 3. 



creuulatus, Heckel, I. c. ii. 3. p. 202. 



fusiformis, Heckel, in HiiyeFs Rcisen, iv. p. 387 (with bad 



figure). 

 Garra malabaiica, Day, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1805, p. 297 ; or IHsh. Mala- 

 bar, p. 205, pi. 15. fig. 1 (bad). 

 Gonorhynchus gotyla, Jerdon, Madr. Journ. Lit. >§• Sc. xv. 1849, 



p. 309. 



? m'clellandii, Jerdon, I. c. p. 310. 



Garra ccylonensis, Bleek. Mem. Soc. Holland. Harlem, 1864, Cohit. 



^' Cyprin. Ceylon, p. 8, tab. 1. fig. 4. (Coloration taken from a 



speeinien preserved in spirits !) 

 gotyla et lanita, Steindachner , Sitzysber. Ak. Wiss. Wien, Ivi. 



p. , tab. 2. 



gotyla et jerdoni, Day, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1807, p. 288. 



alta, Day, I. c. p. 349. 



D. 11. A. 7. L. lat. 33-3G. L. transv. 4|/5. 



The pectoral tin is as long as, or shorter than, the head, and ter- 

 minates at some distance from the root of the ventral. Two and a 

 half or three longitudinal scries of scales between the lateral line and 

 the root of the ventral fin. A black spot behind the upper end 

 of the gill-opening, sometimes a dark band along the middle of the 

 side, terminating in a spot on the root of the caudal fin. 



llivers and rivulets of South-western Asia and Continental India. 



This species extends from Syria to Assam, and, as may be expected 

 in a species of so wide a range, it is subject to some variation. How- 

 ever, the amount of variation which may be observed in examples 

 from extreme limits is considerably less than that found in examples 

 fi'om the same locality and of evidently the same species. Also the 

 differences of form between old and young examples are considerable. 

 The parts most subject to variation are the snout with, regard to 

 form, width, and prominence, the width of the cleft of the mouth 

 and labial disk, the barbels, the fringes of the upper lip, the eye, the 

 length or depth of the free portion of the tail. Also the coloration 

 varies, some specimens being uniform, others spotted, others provided 

 with several streaks, others with a median band. A black spot be- 

 hind the upi)cr part of the gill-opening is most constant. 



Having fortunately luimerous examples from the most distant 

 localities, I have convinced myself that they ought to be referred to 

 a single species only. 



a. Adult. Assam? From Griffith's Collection. 



