78 CYPRINID^. 



fig. 1 (not Giildenst.) ; Steindachner, Verhandl. zool.-hot. Gcselhsch. 



Tr/cn, 18G4, p. 223. 

 Scapliiodon socialis, Ileckel, I. c. i. p. 1061, and ii. 2. p. 217, taf. 15. 



fig. 2. 



rostvsitiis, Keyserlinff, Zeitschr. ges. Ntnviss. xvii. p. 7, taf. 3. 



chebisiensis, Keyserlingy Zeitschr. ges. Ntnviss. xvii. p. 5, taf. 2. 



D. 11. A. 8. L.lat. 70-78. L. transv. i±d?. Vert 26/19. 



16 



The osseous dorsal ray is rather feeble, finely serrated. There are 

 eleven or twelve series of scales between the lateral line and the 

 ventral fin. The length of the head is one-fifth of the total (with- 

 out caudal) ; eye smaU ; snout obtuse. The origin of the dorsal fin 

 is a little nearer to the end of the snout than to the root of the 

 caudal ; anal fin narrow and deep. Coloration uniform. 



Syria, Palestine, and Asia Minor. 



a-e. Adults. Jordan. From the Collection of the Rev. H. B. 



Tristram. 

 f-h. Adult. Lake of Galilee. From the Collection of the Rev. 



H. B. Tristram. 

 i-m. Half-grown and young. Lake of Galilee, Collected by Th. 



W. Beddome, Esq. 

 n-o. Adult. Bahr el Kelb. From the Collection of the Rev. H. 



B. Tristram. 

 p. Half-growu. Wady el Kurm. From the Collection of the Rev. 



H. B. Tristram. 

 J, Numerous young examples. Dead Sea. From the Collection of 



the Rev. H. B. Tristram. 

 r~t. Adult (13 inches long) and half-grown. Palestine. From the 



Collection of the Rev. H. B. Tristram. 

 u-w. Half-grown. Lake Van (Erzeroum). From the Collection 



of the Zoological Society. 

 X. Skeleton: adult. Palestine. From the Collection of the Rev. 



H. B. Tristram, 



Heckel identified this species with the Cyprinus capoeta of Giil- 

 denstadt from the Caspian Sea ; however, this is evidently a s]iecies 

 with larger scales, for Giildenstadt gives as the dimensions of a 

 scale, in a specimen of 12| inches long, 3| lines by I5 line (Eng- 

 lish). In a specimen from Palestine of nearly the same size one of 

 the largest scales is only 3 lines long and £5 lines broad. 



I have been assisted in the identification of this fish by Prof. 

 Dumeril, who, at my request, examined the typical specimen of 

 Gohio damascimis, and informed me that the osseous dorsal ray is 

 strongly serrated in its lower third or fourth. 



This species is very common in Palestine, Syria, and Asia Minor, 

 and subject to individual variations with regard to the size of the 

 eye, form of the snout, length of anal and caudal fin. 



Slceleton. — In the structure of the skull this species much re- 

 sembles Lcibeo. The bones of the upper jaw are broad and thin ; 

 the symphysial transverse portion of the mandible is not dilated, 



