226 CYPEINTD^. 



fifths of the length of the head. Eye rather small. Cleft of the 

 mouth slightly oblique, of moderate width, not extending to below 

 the front margin of the eye ; jaws nearly even in front. The width 

 of the third suborbital bone is much less than that of the last. 

 Origin of the dorsal fin opposite to the root of the inner ventral rays. 

 Length of the ventral fin more than naif that of the head. There 

 are three Jongitudinal series of scales between the lateral line and 

 ventral fin. Coloration uniform^ each scale .darker at the base. 

 (Heck.) 

 Aleppo. 



Telestes leucoides, De Filippi, "'^iagg. Pers. p. 359, appears to be 

 a species very closely allied to the preceding; it is characterized 

 thus : — " Habitus, corporis proportiones, pictura, uti in Lewode aula. 

 Pinna dorsalis ventralibus retropusita. D, 10. A. 11. L. lat. 40. 

 L. transv. 7/4." From a rivulet near Batum in Persia. 



19. Leuciscus lepidus. 

 Baraan. 



Squalius lepidus, Heckel, in Russegger's Heisen', i. p. 1079, taf. 10. 

 fig. 2. 



D. 11. A. 12-13. L. lat. 48-49. L. transv. 7/?. 



The height of the body is rather less than one-fourth of the total 

 length (without caudal). Interorbital space broad, its width being 

 two-fifths of the length of the head. Eye rather small. Cleft of 

 the mouth oblique, of moderate width, with the lower jaw slightly 

 projecting beyond the tipper. The second and third suborbital bones 

 are narrow. Origin of the dorsal fin opposite to the root of the inner 

 ventral rays. There are three longitudinal series of scales between 

 the lateral line and ventral fin. Coloration uniform. (Heck.) 



River Tigris. 



20. Leuciscus vulgaris. 



The Dace ^ the Graining. DerHasel. LaVandoise. Stamm (Swed.). 



Vandoise, BelloH. p. 314. 



Leucisci 2*" species, Rondel. De Pisc. Fluv. p. 192 ; Gesner, DeAquat. 



p. 26 ; Aldrovand. p. 607. 

 Squalus minor, Schwenckfeld, p. 446 ; Marsil. Danub. Pan.-Mys. iv. 



tab. 4. 

 Dace, Willughby, p. 260, tab. Q. 10. fig. 3 ; Penn. Brit. Zool. lii. p. 320, 



or, edit. 1812, iii. p. 483 ; Couch, Fish. Brit. Isl. iv. p. 54, pi. 194. 

 Cyprinus, sp., Artedi, Gen. p. 5. no. 13 ; Synon. p. 5. no. 4 (not synon.), 



p. 9. no. 16, ? p. 10. no. 17. 

 Cyprinus grislagme, L. Syst. Nat. p. 592 ; Fries 8f Ekstr. Shand. Fisk. 



p. 69 (latin), pi. 14. 

 leuciscus, I: I. c. p. 528 ; Block, Fische Deutschl. iii. p. 141, taf. 



97. fig. 1 ; Bl. Schn. p. 440 ; LacSp. v. p. 572 ; Pallas, Zooyr. Ross.- 



As. ill. p. 318 ; Donovan, Brit. Fish. iv. p. 77 ; Turton, Brit. Faun. 



p. 109; Jenyns, Manual, p. 410; Gronov. Syst. ed. Gray, p. 184. 

 '? Cyprinus dobula, L. I. c. p. 528. 



Graining, Pennant, Brit. Zool. iii. p. 321 ; edit. 1812, iii. p. 484. 

 Cyprinus dobula, Bloch, Fische Dentschl. i. p. 42, tab. 5 ; Bl. Schn. 



