56. LEiTCiscus. 243 



orbit. Origin of the dorsal fin nearer to the end of the snout than 

 to the root of the caudal ; caudal ("eeply forked. Coloration uinform. 

 (Girard.) 

 Gila lliver. 



44. Leuciscu3 crassicauda. 



Lavinia crassicauda, Baird &• Girard, Proc. Ac. Nat. Sc. Philad. 1854, 



p. 137. 

 Siboma crassicauda, Girard, I. c. 1856, p. 208 ; JJ. S. ^- Pac. It. R. 



Exped. Fish. p. 296, pi. 64. figs. 1-4. 



D. 11. A. 9. Y. 10. L. lat. 58. L. transv. 10/10. 



The height of the body is a little more than the length of the 

 head, which is one-fourth of the total (without catidal) ; the free 

 portion of the tail is nearly as deep as long. Srout of moderate 

 extent, longer than the eye, the diameter of which is one-sixth of 

 the length of the head. Mouth anterior, subhorizontal, with the jaws 

 nearly eveu. The maxillarj* does not reach the vertical from the 

 front margin of the orbit. The postorbital is rather larger than the 

 prteorbital, the hinder suborbital being two-thirds as wide as the 

 postorbital. Origin of the dorsal fin considerably nearer to the root 

 of the tail than to the end of the snout, somewhat in advance of the 

 origin of the ventrals. Anal higher than long, caudal slightly emar- 

 ginate. The pectoral fins terminate at a great distance from the 

 ventrals, which extend to the anal. There arc seven longituchnal 

 series of scales between the lateral line und ventral fin. Coloration 

 uniform. 



Pharyngeal teeth 5 . 2 — 2 or 1.4, compressed, not denticulated, 

 claw-shaped. 



California. 



a-d. From 7 to 12 inches long. San Francisco. Presented by Dr. 

 "W". 0. Ayres. 



45. Leuciscus cooperi. 



Cheonda cooperi, Girard, Proc. Acad. Nat. Sc. PliUad. 1856, p. 207 ; 

 U. S. S,Pac. R. R. Exped. Fish. p. 294, pi. 03. figs. 1-5. 



D. 2/9. A. 2/11. V. 10. 



Scales of moderate size. The height of the body equals the length 

 of the head, and is one-foiu'th of the total (without caudal). Upper 

 profile regular. Snout of moderate length, longer than the diameter 

 of the eye, which is two-ninths of the length of the head. The 

 upper jaw slightly overlaps the lower, and the maxillary does not 

 reach to the vertical from the front margin of the orbit. The origin 

 of the dorsal. fin is behind that of the ventral, and nearer to the root 

 of the caudal than to the end of the snout. Caudal fin ei'argi- 

 nate. Pectorals not extending to the ventrals. Coloration u jform. 

 {Girard.) 



Pharyngeal teeth compressed, hooked, -^vith a grinding surface, 

 4 . 2—2 . 5. 



Columbia Kiver. 



