310 CYPRINID^. 



Further, A. oligaspis agrees in many points with AlhurntVus di- 

 lectus, Girard, iu Proc. Ac. Nat. Sc. Philad. 1856, p. 193, and in 

 U. S. & Pac. R. R. Exp. Fish. p. 259, pi. 57. figs. 9-12 ; and still 

 hetiev With. Alhurnellus umhratilis, Girard, P. A, N. Sc. Philad. I. c; 

 and in U. S. & Pac. R. R. Exp. Fish. p. 260, — both these fishes 

 having been obtained in Arkansas. It is impossible to point out 

 real specific differences without a reexamination of the typical ex- 

 amples. 



Still more obscure are AlhurneUus amahilis, Girard, Proc. Ac. Nat. 

 Sc. Philad. 1856, p. 193 ; and T. S. &: Mex. Bound. Ichthyol. p. 51, 

 pi. 29. figs. 10-13, from Texas : Alhurnellus megalops, Girard, I. c. 

 1°, & ?. c. 2°, p. 52, pi. 29. figs. 1-4, from Texas ; Alhurmllus 

 soclus, Girard, I.e. 1°, <fe J.c. 2°, pi. 29. figs. 14-17, from Texas; 

 Alburniis lepidulus, Girard, I. c. 1°, p. 212, from Black Warrior 

 River, Alabama. 



80. ASPIUS. 

 Aspius, sp., Agassiz, Mem. Soc. Sc. ]S\it. Neuchdtel, i. p. 38. 



Body oblong ; scales of moderate size ; lateral line complete, ter- 

 minating nearly in the middle of the depth of the tail. Dorsal fin 

 short, without spine, opposite to the space between the ventrals and 

 anal ; anal fin elongate, with thirteen or more rays. Lower jaw 

 more or less conspicuously projecting beyond the upper. Lips thin, 

 simple, the lower labial fold being interrupted at the symphysis, 

 upper jaw but little protractile. Gill-rakers short and widely set;' 

 pseudobranchiae. The attachment of the branchial membrane to the 

 isthmus takes place below the hind margin of the orbit. Pharyngeal 

 teeth hooked, 5 . 3 — 3 or 2 . 5 or 4. Belly behind the ventrals com- 

 pressed, the scales covering the edge. 



Eastern Europe ; Mesopotamia ; China. 



1. Aspius rapax. 



Der Schied or Rapfen. Asp (Swed.). 



Capito fluviatilis rapax, Gesnei-, Paralip. p. 9 7>» Pise. pp. 109, 170 ; 



Aldrov. V. p. 604 ; Willughhy, p. 256 ; Schotiev. p. ^. 

 Rapax, Schonev. p. 30. 

 Cyprinus, sp., Artedi, Genera, p. 6. no. 19; Sjiee, p. 14. no. 6; Synon. 



p. 8. no. 12, and p. 14. no 31. 

 Marsil., Danub. Pan.-Mys. taD. 7. fig. 2. 

 Cyprinus aspiu.s, L. Syst. Nat. i. p. 530 ; Bl. Fische Deutschl. i. p. 48, 



tab. 7 ; Meidinger, tab. 35. 

 rapax, Leske, Ichthyol. Lips. p. 56; Pall. Zoogr. Pass.- As. iii. 



p. 316. 

 Aspius rapax,-4^ass. 3Iem. Soc. Sc. Nat. Neuchdtel^ i. p. 30 (name only) ; 



Kriiyer, Damn. Fisk. iii. p. 500 ; Nordm. in JDemid. Voy. Ptiss. 



Mend. iii. p. 494 ; Hechel 8j Kiier, Silsswasserf. p. 142 ; Dybutvski, 



Cypr. Livlands, p. 173; Siebold, Siisstvasserf. )i. 169; Jeitteles, Fische 



d. March, ii. 1864, p. 9 ; Malmgren, Wiegm. Arch. xxx. p. 316. 

 Cvprinus tseniatus, Eichivald, Zool. Spec. iii. p. 102. 

 Alsramis aspius, Niks. Sknnd. Faun. iv. p. 334. 

 Leuciscus aspius, Cuv. *§• Val. xvii. p. 265. 



