356 crvmsi-DM. 



than one-half of the distance of its root from the ventral. Upper 

 margin of the dorsal fin convex. Head and body with small, densely- 

 crowded, irregular black spots and dots ; sometimes a black vertical 

 spot on the root of the caudal. {Heck.) 

 Damascus. 



22. Nemachilus melapterums. 

 Cobitis malapterura, Cm. ^- Veil xviii. p. 88, pi. 523. 

 D. 8 (?). A. 7. 



Scales inconspicuous. Dorsal fin subtmncate, with the coniers 

 rounded. Origin of the dorsal fin somewhat nearer to the root of 

 the caudal than to the end of the snout. The height of the body is 

 much less than the length of the head, which is one-fifth of the 

 total (without caudal). Skin on the back of the tail raised into a 

 fold, like a low adipose fin. Snout somewhat produced. Upper 

 margin of the dorsal fin convex ; the length of the pectoral fin is 

 less than one-half of the distance of its root from the ventrals. 

 Body irregularly reticulated with blackish. A band across the root of 

 the caudal. Dorsal and caudal fins with transverse series of blackish 

 dots. (Val.) 



Syria. 



23. Nemachilus marmoratus. 



Cobitis marmorata, Heckel, Fisch. Kaschm. p. 76, taf. 12. figs. 1, 2; 



or Hiigel, Kaschm. iv. p. 380. 

 vittata, Heckel, I. c. p. 80. figs. 3-4; or H'dgel, Kaschm. iv. p. 382. 



D. 10. A. 7. V. 7. 



Scaleless. Caudal fin rather convex. The origin of the dorsal 

 fin is nearly midway between the end of the snout and the root of 

 the caudal. The height of the body is less than the length of the 

 head, which is two-ninths of the total (without caudal). Free por- 

 tion of the tail not elongate. Snout somewhat produced and pointed, 

 as long as the postorbital portion of the head. Eye small. Length 

 of the pectoral not much more than one -half of the distance of its 

 root from the ventral. Upper margin of the dorsal fin straight, very 

 oblique. Body mottled with brown. Specimens with bands across 

 the back of the tail, and with a dark lateral line, have been de- 

 scribed as C. vittata. {Heck.) 



Cashmere. 



24. Nemachilus ladacensis. 



D. 11. A. 7. V. 8. 



Scaleless. Caudal fin rounded. The origin of the dorsal fin is 

 nearer to the end of the snout than to the root of the caudal. The 

 height of the body is considerably less than the length of the head, 

 which is more than one-fifth of the total length (without caudal). 

 The free portion of the tail is very low, its depth being nearly one- 

 fourth of its length. Eye not very small, one-fifth of the length of 

 the head. Snout moderately produced, obtuse, as long as the post- 

 orbital portion of the head. The length of the pectoral is much 



