420 CZUVEIDJE. 



soconclc moitio du tronc," attributed to Spratella pumUa, are cha- 

 racters which arc fairly i-cprcscntcd in one of those figures. 



But,then, the other figure, which maybe presumed to be intended for 

 Mdetta vulgaris, does not agree with the description. Valenciennes 

 has made the latter from a Sprat without palatine teeth, as is quite 

 evident from his remarks on the position of tlie ventrals, the number 

 of fin-rays and vertebrae, &c. Thus it remains to be shown for what 

 species the latter figure is intended. If it is taken from a European 

 example, the nearest approach to it is Cliipca madeirensis of Lowe ; 

 but without having the example from which the figure was drawn it 

 is almost impossible to determine this question with certainty. 



B. 6-7. D. 15-18. A. 17-20. V. 7. L. lat. 47-48. 

 Vert. 47-49. 



Scales deciduous, smooth. The height of the body is equal to, or 

 nearly equal to, the length of the head. Lower jaw prominent, the 

 maxillaiy extending to somewhat beyond the vertical from the front 

 margin of the eye. An elongate ovate patch of very small teeth on 

 the tongue, none on the vomer. Gill-rakers very fine, closely set, 

 rather shorter than the eye. Ventral fins even with the origin of 

 the dorsal. There are eleven or twelve abdominal scutes behind the 

 root of the ventrals. Operculum without radiating striae. 



Atlantic coasts of Europe. 



a. Several adult examples. London market. Presented by Mr. E. 



Gerrard. 



b, c, d, e, f, g. Adult, half-grown, and young. Firth of Forth. 



Purchased of Mr. Parnell. 

 h-i. Adult. " Found in an arable field in Ross-shire, April 21st, 



1828." Presented by Th. Allen, Esq. 

 fc. Adult. Presented by Dr. Johnston. 

 I. Adult. From the Haslar Collection. 



b. Root of tJ\e ventral opposite to the middle of the dorsal. 



G. Clupea aurita. 



P Clupea harengiis, Br'dnn. Pise. Mass. p. 81. 



?? Clupanodon phalerica, Risso, Eur. Merid. iii. p. 452. 



Sardinella aurita, Cuv. ^ Val. xx. p. 203, pi. 594. 



B. 6. D. 20. A. 15. V. 9. L. lat. 52. 



Scales smooth, scarcely striated. The length of the head is nearly 

 equal to the height of the body, and two-ninths of the total (with- 

 out caudal). Lower jaw slightly projecting beyond the upper ; the 

 maxillary extending nearly to below the middle of the eye. A very 

 small patch of minute teeth anteriorly on the palatine bones ; small 

 teeth on the tongue ; none on the vomer. Suboperculura obtusely 

 rounded behind. Origin of the dorsal fin much nearer to the end of 

 the snout than to the root of the caudal ; ventral fins inserted below 

 the middle of the dorsal. A black spot superlorhj in the gill-opening. 

 {Val.) 



Mediterranean. 



