5. CXTTPEA. 435 



with irregular radiating striae, descending towards the subopercuhim. 

 A large blackish blotch in the scapulary region, sometimes followed 

 by a scries of smaller similar blotches. 

 Coasts of Europe. 



a. Fine large specimen. Neckar. From the Stuttgart Collection. 

 b-c. Half-grown and young: skins. Holland. From Gronow's 



Collection. 

 cl. Adult: stuffed. England. 

 e. Half-grown. Polperro. 

 f-ff. Half-grown. .Lisbon. Presented by the Eev. R. T. Lowe. 



33. Clupea finta. 



The Shad, Twaite-Shad. La Feinte. Stak-sill (Sweden) 



Agonus, iiellon. De Aquat. p. 304 ; Salvian. fol. 105 b & 106. 



Shad, Willughbtj, Hist. Pise. p. 227, tab. P. 3. fig. 1 ; Pennant, Srit. 

 Zool. iii. p. 305, pi. 69, or, ed. 1812, iii. p. 460, pi. 80 ; Yarrell, in 

 Zool. Journ. iv. pp. 137 & 465, pi. 5. fig. 1. 



Clupea, sp. (part.), Artedi, Si/non. p. 15. no. 2 ; Genera, p. 7. no. 3. 



Clupea, no. 3, Artedi, Spec. p. 34. 



Clupea alosa, L. Syst. Nat. i. p. 523 (part.) ; Bl. Fische DeutscM. i. 

 p. 209, tab. 30. fig. 1 ; Bl. Schn. p. 423 ; Zacep. v. p. 447 ; Bisso, 

 Ichth. Nice, p. 353 ; and Eur. Merid. iii. p. 453 ; Donovan^ Brit^ 

 Fish. iii. pi. 57, and pi. 98 (young ; this is not the " Whitebait") ; 

 Tiirton, Brit. Faiin. p. 106 ; Fleming, Brit. An. p. 183. 



Alose, Duham. Peches, iii. p. 316. 



Clupea faUax, Lacep. v. p. 452. 



Clupea finta, Cuv. Rhgne Anim. ; Jenyns, Man. p. 437. 



Alosa finta, Yarrell, Brit. Fish. 2nd edit. ii. p. 208, or 3rd fedit. i. 

 p. 127; Parnell, Werner. Mem. vii. p. 329; or Fish. Firth of Forth, 

 p. 169 ; Kroyer, Danm. Fish. iii. p. 202 ; Nilss. Skand. Faun. Fisk, 



S627; Troschel, Wiegm. Arch. 1852, p. 228; SMys-Lonych. Faune 

 elge, p. 220 ; Martens, Wiegm. Arch. 1857, p. 182 ; Siebold, Siiss- 

 wasserjische, p. 332. 

 Alausa vulgaris (part.), Cuv. 8f Val. xx. p. 391. 

 Twait-Shad, Couch, Fish. Brit. Isl. p. 122, pi. 205. 



B. 8. D. 18-20. A. 20-24. Y. 9. L. lat. 60-75. Vert. 56. 



The height of the body is more than the length of the head, 

 which is one-fourth or two-ninths of the total (without caudal). 

 Lower jaw but slightly prominent; maxillary extending to, oy 

 nearly to, the vertical from the hind margin of the orbit. No teeth 

 on the palate or the tongue. Gill-rakers stout, osseous, from 21 

 to 27 on the horizontal part of the outer branchial arch. Ventral 

 fins inserted behind the origin of the dorsal, which is nearer to the 

 end of the snout than to the root of the caudal. Basal half of the 

 caudal fin covered with small scales. There are from fifteen to 

 sixteen abdominal scutes behind the base of the ventral fins. Oper- 

 culum with irregular radiating striae descending towards the sub- 

 operculum. A large, blackish blotch in the scapulary region, 

 sometimes followed by a series of 4-G similar blotches. 



Coasts of Europe, entering rivers. Nile. 



a. Young. Thames. Presented by J. G. Children, Esq. 



2 f2 



