438 CLTTFBIDJC. 



the length of the head, which is one-third of the total length (with- 

 out caudal). Lower jaw shutting within the upper ; maxillary 

 reaching to below, or somewhat beyond, the middle of the eye. No 

 teeth on the palate or tongue. Operculum striated in its lower portion, 

 suboperculum narrow, subvertical, taperinr/ above. Ventral fins oppo- 

 site to the anterior half of the dorsal. A dai'k spot on the shoulder. 

 East coast of South America. 



a. One of the typical specimens, stuffed. North Patagonia. Pre- 

 sented by C. Darwin, Esq. 



37. Clupea dorsalis. 



Alausa dorsalis, Cuv. Sf Val. xx. p. 418. 



Alosa platycephalus, JBleek. Verh. HolL Maatsch, Haarlem, 1862, 

 Gtiinee, p. 123, pi. 2G. fig. 2. 



B. 7. D. 15-17. A. 19-22. L. lat. 45. L. transv. 18. 



Scales regularly arranged, with numerous since, and with the 

 margin ciliated. The height of the body is a little more than the 

 length of the head, which is one-third of the total length (without 

 caudal), or in young examples sometimes a little less than one-third. 

 Lower jaw shutting within the upper ; maxillary reaching to below 

 the middle of the eye. No teeth on the palate or tongue. Oper- 

 culum smooth ; suboperctdum large, of moderate width, tapering above, 

 obliquely directed bacTcwards. Gill-rakers very fine and long, and 

 exceedingly numerous ; the horizontal branch of the outer branchial 

 arch consists of two portions joined at an obtuse angle. Ventral fins 

 opposite to the anterior half of the dorsal. There are eleven abdo- 

 minal scutes behind the ventral fins. An indistinct bluish spot in 

 tne scapulary region. 



"West Africa. 



a. Eleven inches long ; has been in chloride of zinc. Niger Expe- 



dition. 



b, e, d-f. Young. Rivers of West Africa. 



38. Clupea mattowocca. 

 Gaspereau. 

 Clupea mattowocca, Mitch. Trans. Lit. ^- Phil. Sac. Neiu York, i 



p. 451, pi. 5. fig. 8. 



mediocris, Mitch. I. c. 



? Clupea parvula, Mitch. I. c. p. 452. 



? fasciata, Lesueur, Journ. Ac. Nat. S'c. Philad. i. p. 23.3. 



? virescens, Dekay, Neiv York Faun. Fish. p. 262, pi. 13. fig. 37. 



Alosa mattowocca, Dekay, New York Faun. Fish. p. 260, pi. 11. 



fig. 127 ; Ayres, Post. Journ. Nat. Hist. iv. p. 275. 

 tyrannus, Dekay, Neio York Faun. Fish. p. 258, pi. 13. fig. 38} 



Gilpin, Proe. 8f Trans. N. Scot. Inst. Nat. Sc. Halifax, ii. p 107. 

 Meletta matowacca, Cuv. ^ ral. xx. p. 371. 

 Alosa lineata, Storer, Proc. Post. Sac. Nat. Hist. ii. p. 242 ; and 3Icm. 



Amcr. Ac. vi. p. 340, pi. 27. fig. 2. 

 Pomolobua mediocris, GiU, Canad. Nat. 1865 (name only). 



D. 17. A. 19. V. 9. L. lat. 50. L. transv. 17. 



Scales regularly arranged. The height of the body is one-third 



