5. CLTJPEA. 443 



This description is taken from the typical specimens in the Mu- 

 seum of the University of Cambridge. 



B. Pacific species. 



45. Clupea maculata. 



Alausa maculata, Cuv. ^- Val. xx. p. 430 ; Gay, Chile, Zool. ii. p. 322 j 

 Ictiol, lam, 10. fig. 2 (not good). 



B. 9. D. 20. A. 17. L. lat. 50. 



Scales rather irregularly arranged, with numerous striae, and with 

 the margin pectinated. The height of the body is nearly equal to 

 the length of the head, which is one-third of the total length (with- 

 out caudal). Lower jaw shutting mthin the upper ; maxillaiy reach- 

 ing to behind the eye. No teeth on the palate or tongue. Opercu- 

 lum nearly smooth, suboperculum of moderate width, tapering above, 

 obhquely directed upwards. Gill-rakers very fine and long, and ex- 

 ceedingly numerous ; the horizontal branch of the outer branchial 

 arch straight. Origin of the dorsal fin nearer to the end of the snout 

 than to the root of the caudal. Upper half greenish, lower silvery, 

 with irregular series of blackish spots. 



Chile ; Peru 



a. Adult, not in good state. Bay of Callao. Presented by Prof. 

 Nation. 



46. Clupea notacanthus. 



B. 10. D. 20. A. 18. L. lat. 43. L. transv. 16. 



A series of spiny scutes beiuveen the occijjut and the dorsal Jin. 

 Scales regularly arranged, nearly smooth. The height of the body 

 is contained thrice in the total length (without caudal), the length 

 of the head thrice and one-half. Caudal peduncle as long as deep. 

 Lower jaw sUghtly projecting beyond the upper ; maxillary reach- 

 ing to behind the middle of the orbit. Teeth none. Ventral fins 

 opposite to the anterior half of the dorsal, the origin of which is 

 nearer to the end of the snout than to the root of the caudal. Caudal 

 fin as long as the head, scaleless. Suboperculum obliquely directed 

 upwards and tapering above. There are sixteen abdominal scutes 

 behind the ventral fins. A blackish spot on the shoulder. 



Chile. 



a-b. Four inches long. Valparaiso. From Mr. Bridge's Collection. 

 47. Clupea sagax. 



Clupea sagax, Jenyns, Zool. licuf/lc, Fisli. p. 134. 



Alosa melauosticta, Cuv.i^- Val. xx. p. 444 (not Schlcr/.). 



Molelta cajrulea, Girard, Fruc. Ac. Nat. Sc. Philad. 1854, p. 138 ; U. 



S. Lf Pac. R. R. E.vped. Fish. p. 330 (pi. 75. figs. 5-7). 

 Alosa music.a, Girard, Proc. Ac. Nut. Sc. Philad. 1854, p. 199 : and 



U. S. Nav. Astron. Erped. Zool. p. 24(), pi. 31. figs. 1-4 

 [larengula punctata, Bleeh Verh. Bat. Gen. xxv. Japan, p. 49 (not 



Cuu. ^ Val.). 



