444 CLUl'KIDJi. 



AJausa califomica, Gill, Proc. Acad. Nat. Sc. Philad. 18G2, p. 281. 

 Alosa linibriata, Kncr Sf Stcindaclmer, Sitzr/sber. Ak. Wiss. Wieti, 1866, 

 liv. October (pub. 1867), fig. 15. 



B. 7. D. 18. A. 18-19. L. lat. 50-54. L. transv. 13. 



This species is so closely allied to the Eiu'opean Pilchard that it 

 miglit be more properly described as a climatal variety. 



The height of the body is one-fifth of the total length (without 

 caudal), the length of the head rather more than one-fourth. Lower 

 jaw but slightly iiromiuent ; the maxiUary extending nearly to the 

 vertical from the middle of the ej'e. No teeth on the palate or on 

 the tongue. Gill-rakers very fine and long, closely set. Ventral 

 fins inserted below the posterior half of the base of the dorsal. 

 Origin of the dorsal fin nearer to the end of the snout than to the 

 root of the caudal. Abdominal serrature very indistinct ; there are 

 about eleven abdominal scutes behind the base of the ventral fins. 

 Operculum with very conspicuous radiating stria?, descending towards 

 the suboperculura. Scales slightly and finely striated, the stria; being 

 most conspicuous on the margin. The scales become very small 

 towards the root of the caudal fin. A series of more or less distinct 

 round blackish spots along the side. 



Pacific coasts of America ; Japan ; New Zealand. 



a-e. Adult. San Francisco. Presented by Dr. W. 0. Ayres. 



d-e. Half-grown. Valparaiso, From 'Mr. Bridge's Collection. 



/. Adult. Chile. Purchased of the Godeffroy Museum as Alosa 



fimhriata. 

 f). Half-grown. Japan. From Dr. Bleeker's Collection as Haren- 



ffula punctata. 



C. Indian species. 

 a. L. lat. 80 



48. Clupea indica. 



Clupea indica, Grai/, Ind. Zool. c. fig. 



champil, Gray, I. c. (young). 



Alausa microlepis, Cuv. Sf Val. xx. p. 439 ; Bhek. Verh, Bat. Gen. 



XXV. JSenff. i^ Hind. p. 145. 

 Pellona champil, Cnv. ^- Val. xx. p. 324. 



D. 15. A. 21-22. L. lat. 80. 

 Scales regularly arranged, smooth. The height of the body is con- 

 tained twice and two-thirds or thrice in the total length (without 

 caudal), the length of the head thrice and two- thirds. Caudal 

 peduncle nearly as long as deep. The length of the smooth opercu- 

 lum is about two-thirds of its depth. Lower jaw scai projecting 

 beyond the upper ; maxillary straight, rather narrow, scarcely reach- 

 ing to below the middle of the orbit. Teeth none. Ventral fins 

 opposiic to the anterior half of the dorsal, the origin of which is 

 nearly midway beiween the end of the snout and the root of the 

 caiidal. Caudal fin rather shorter than the head. Suboperculum 

 tapei-ing behind. There arc ten abdominal scutes behind the ven- 

 tral fins. Gill-rakers fine, closely set, shorter than the eye; the 



