"») The Minds of Aninials 



peculiar habits, if he wishes thoroui^hlv to investigate in 

 a truly critical s|)irit their |)s\ cholouical emotions. Only 

 he who has tcjr many, many years li\-e(l in the midst of a 

 foreign people and has given himself up to his task with 

 heartf(dt zeal, and who possesses an innate aptitude for 



the sul)ject, can undertake such a work, '• •••-•• 



It appears that certain kinds ot animals remain, as a 

 whole, unchanged tor long pericjds of tim('. It also seems 

 to me that the mind acts according to certain inherit(,'d 

 tendencies ; this is calk-d instinct. When carefully ex- 

 amined, however, it will he found that these so-called 

 instincts resolve themselves often into more or less 

 deliberate actions, although it may be that th(;se actions 

 are committed within very narrow limits and in accordance 

 with sharply defined rul(;s. I call as witnesses those 

 thousands and thcjusands of dog-o\\n(^rs and sportsmen 

 who are convinced ot the tact that their own animals, 

 which have been with them in man\ a tight corner, under- 

 stand them and love them. This may seem to others, in 

 niany cases, hard to untlerstand, and ajjpear at times 

 exaggerated. These lack the long and sympathetic study 

 of the finest differences of the anima! minds in question — - 



'I'liere are more tilings in lieaven and eartti . . . 



