126 Oxen 



h. Upper Assam Race — Bos bubalis fulvus 



Bos hubalus fulvus, Blanford, Fauna Brit. India — Manini. p. 492 (1891). 



Characters. — Distinguished from the typical race by its uniformly dull 

 colour, the more convex forehead, and the shorter ficial portion of the skull. 

 The race is definitely known by a mounted head in the Indian Museum, 

 Calcutta, and by a skull and horns presented by Mr. A. O. Hume to the 

 British Museum. 



Distribution. — The upper districts of the Assam valley. 



c. Bornean Race — Bos bubalis hosei 



Characters. — Size small, the height at the shoulder being about 3 feet 

 8^ inches, with relatively short horns, which are continuous with the 

 plane of the torehead, without any backward curvature. General colour 

 ashy-black ; the lower lip, a narrow gorget on the throat, the fore-legs 

 from above the knees downwards, the front of the thighs and of hind legs 

 below hocks, except for a triangular patch on the fetlocks, dirty white. 



This form is represented by a mounted specimen in the British Museum 

 sent by Mr. C. Hose from Borneo, purporting to be that of a wild animal. 

 In point of size and general appearance the specimen is almost exactly 

 intermediate between the typical Indian buffalo and the tamarau ; and 

 it agrees with many examples of the latter in the white gorget on the 

 throat. Mr. Hose mentions that buffaloes exist in a wild state on the 

 Miri and Baram rivers, and it is quite as probable that there should be a 

 native race of buffalo in Borneo as in the Philippines. Accordingly, the 

 present form is provisionally reckoned as such. It appears to be a much 

 smaller animal than the so-called B. kera/mu, which has long horns, 

 no white gorget on the throat, and seems indistinguishable from the 

 domesticated Indian buffalo. 



Distribution. — Borneo. 



