128 Oxen 



Characters. — Apparently distinguishable from the Narbada buffalo 

 merely by its somewhat inferior dimensions. 



Distrihiitioii. — Central and Southern Europe during the Plistocene 

 period. This form is typified by an imperfect skull from Dantzig, where 

 a second and smaller skull was subsequently discovered. Additional 

 remains have been recorded by Professor Riitimeyer from the pre-glacial 

 deposits near Rome and other districts in Italy. 



5. The Tamarau, or Mindoro Buffalo — Bos mindorensis 



Buhaliis mindorensis, Heude, Mem. Hist. Nat. Emp. Chinois, vol. ii. pp. 4 

 and 50 (1888), ihid. p. 204, pi. xix. (1894) ; Heller, Ah/i. Mas. Dresden, 

 1890-91, No. 2, pp. 3 and 31 (1890); Nehring, Zool. Anzeiger, 1890, 

 p. 448 ; fentink, Notes Leyden Mus. vol. xvi. p. 199 (1894) ; Meyer, Ahh. 

 Mits. Dresden, 1896-97, No. 6, p. 12, pis. vii. and viii. (1896) ; Thomas, 

 Trans. Zool. Soc. vol. xiv. p. 410 (1898). 



Anoa mindorensis, Steere, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1888, p. 413 ; Oustalet, Bull. 

 Mus. Paris, 1895, p. 202. 



Probubalus mindorensis, Steere, loc. cit. (1888). 



Bos mindorensis, Lydekker, Royal Nat. Hist. vol. ii. p. 206 (1894), Geogr. 

 Hist. Mam 1)1. p. 47 (1896). 



Plate X. Fig. I. 



Characters.- — A small, rather stoutly built species, in many respects 

 intermediate between small forms of the Indian buffalo (such as the one 

 from Borneo mentioned on p. 126) and the anoa; the height at the 

 shoulder being somewhere about 3 feet 6 inches.^ Horns short but stout, 

 marked with very deep irregular transverse grooves and pits tor the greater 

 part of their length ; their direction mainly upwards, with the tips some- 



' The measurement taken from tlic British Museum example, which is said to have been made too 

 low and too thick in the mountine. 



