140 Musk-Oxen 



lines converge interiorly, covered with short fine hair ; no glands on the 

 fiice ; probably two teats in the female;^ ears short and thickly haired; 

 tail verv short and rudimentary, entirely concealed amid the long hair 

 of the hind-quarters ; main hoofs large, flattened, broad, and slightly 

 unsymmetrical, the outer one being more rounded and the inner one more 

 pointed ; lateral hoofs also large ; under surface of ieet partially covered 

 with hair between the hoofs. Plorns present in both sexes, much larger 

 in the male than in the female ; those of the former more or less approxi- 

 mated at the bases, arising close to the occiput, and when adult extending 

 nearly to the sockets of the eyes, expanded and flattened at the bases, where 

 they are marked by coarse longitudinal groovings, at the tips smoother, 

 their curvature outwards, or outwards and then downwards at first ; those 

 of female always widely separated at the bases, situated midway between 

 the occiput and the upper border of the sockets ot the eyes, so as to leave a 

 broad parietal zone above them, nearly cylindrical throughout the greater 

 part ot their length. Pelage long and shaggy ; and general coloration 

 nearly unitorm. Upper molar teeth with tall but comparatively narrow 

 crowns, on the inner side of which there is no distinct additional column. 

 Skull without either pits or fissures below the eyes ; the sockets of the 

 eyes greatly produced and tube-like ; the premaxilUr separated from the 

 nasal bones, which are short and wide ; and a distinct, broad parietal zone 

 on the anterior aspect above the frontal bones. Cannon-bones short and 

 stout, as in the oxen. 



In young musk-oxen the horns are in the form of simple spikes 

 growing straight out from the sides of the head, and widely separated at 

 their bases on the forehead, which is thickly haired. 



The true relationships of the musk-oxen are still tar from clearly 

 ascertained. At one time they were regarded as intermediate between the 

 oxen and the sheep, while at a later period thev were considered to be 



' I liave been unable to ascertain the luuiiher. 



