1 44 Musk-Oxen 



its name is the secretion of any special scent-gland, but further details 

 of" its anatomy are required before this can be regarded as definitely 

 ascertained. 



The following dimensions of horns are recorded by Mr. Rowland 



Ward :— 



Good horns of females measure between 18 and 19 inches along the 

 outer curvature, with a basal expansion of about 4 inches. 



Distribution. — At the present day Arctic America, eastwards of the 

 Mackenzie river and northwards of the 60th parallel through Parry 

 Islands and Grinnell-land (lat. 82" 27') to the north of Greenland, on the 

 western coast of which it extends as far south as Melville Bay, and on the 

 eastern coast to Sabine Island. Unknown in Spitzbergen or Franz Joseph 

 Land, as it is in Alaska, although it formerly extended at least as far as 

 Eschscholtz Bay. During the Plistocene period a large part of Europe 

 and Northern Asia, ranging as far as the Alps and Pyrenees. 



Colonel Feilden states that at the present day the distributional area of 

 the musk-ox includes about two-thirds of the coast-line of Greenland. 

 He concludes that the advent of the animal in that country has been from 

 the westward, and that the progenitors of the herds now living on the east 

 coast rounded the north of Greenland and spread southwards until they 



